Predictions of microRNA-mRNA interactions typically rely on bioinformatic algorithms, but these algorithms only suggest the possibility of microRNA binding and may miss important interactions as well as falsely predict others. We developed an affinity purification approach to empirically identify microRNAs associated with the 3'UTR of the mRNA encoding Hand2, a transcription factor essential fo...

BACKGROUND Polycythemia vera is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder in which the JAK2 V617F mutation is observed in >95% of patients, but an as yet unidentified process appears to initiate the clonal expansion of hematopoiesis. Because microRNA regulate hematopoietic differentiation, we hypothesized that dysregulated expression of microRNA may contribute to the pathophysiology of polycyth...

BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a common cause of pediatric hospitalization. microRNA, key regulators of the immune system, have not previously been investigated in respiratory specimens during viral infection. We investigated microRNA expression in the nasal mucosa of 42 RSV-positive infants, also comparing microRNA expression between disease severity subgroups. MET...

MicroRNAs respond to the inflammatory responses induced by RNA virus infection. In this study, we investigated the specific microRNA profile in the peripheral blood of infants infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Blood specimens were analyzed using microRNA microarrays, followed by quantitative RT-PCR. A specific microRNA profile in the peripheral blood of RSV-infected infants was i...

Background After myocardial infarction (MI) complicated by heart failure (HF), eplerenone reduced serum concentrations of amino-terminal propeptide type III collagen (PIIINP) and carboxy-terminal I (PICP). Determining a subgroup who are more prone to decrease their content respond better the antifibrotic effects mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) may be relevant for personalized treat...

The microRNAs and microRNA clusters have been implicated in normal cardiac development and also disease, including cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and arrhythmias. Since a microRNA cluster has from two to dozens of microRNAs, the expression of a microRNA cluster could have a substantial impact on its target genes. In the present study, the configuration and distribution of m...

This back cover shows a novel delivery vehicle of RNA nanoparticle (named RIONmiR-143) for RAS-mutated intractable cancers. Tumor-suppressor microRNA-143 (miR-143) silences oncogenic KRAS networks, but it lacks nucleic acid clinical application. research creates the RIONmiR-143 by self-assembly miR-143s and demonstrates functions.

Abstract Study question Could microRNA profiling be a useful tool towards better understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) due maturation arrest? Summary answer MicroRNA may an efficient method unveiling arrest pathophysiology as microRNAs constitute master posttranscriptional regulators of cell-cycle control during spermatogenesis. What is kno...

Head and neck/oral cancer (HNOC) is a devastating disease. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, mortality rates have not improved significantly over the past three decades. Improvement in patient survival requires a better understanding of the disease progression so that HNOC can be detected early in the disease process and targeted therapeutic interventions can be deployed. Accumulatin...