The primary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer in milkfat, cis-9, trans-11 CLA, is a proven anticarcinogen in rodents and can be derived directly from ruminal biohydrogenation of linoleic acid. The major fatty acid in pasture, however, is α–linolenic acid; the biohydrogenation of which does not produce cis-9, trans-11 CLA as an intermediate. Therefore, in grazing cows, cis-9, trans-11 CLA mu...

Sugary-Brawn2 (su-Bn2) corn endosperm contains higher concentrations of watersoluble polysaccharides than dent corn. Eight multiparous Holstein cows averaging 48 d in milk and 667 kg BW at trial initiation were in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods. Only cows in one square were ruminally cannulated. Treatments were su-Bn2 or dent corn and 45 or 60% of ration DM as alfalfa ...

Introduction Fatty liver is common in humans and may develop into steatohepatitis and in some cases into cirrhosis requiring liver transplantation [1]. Fat accumulation in the liver has also been associated with obesity, insulin resistance and type II diabetes although the mechanism underlying this relationship is not fully understood [2]. Until recently the only method for quantification of in...

A method to quantify b -sitosterol (BSS) and b -sitosteryl glucoside (BSSG) in dietary supplements containing added BSS and BSSG was developed and also validated for the analysis of naturally occurring free and esterified sterols and steryl glucosides in foods. Steryl glucosides were extracted with hexane-diethyl ether (1 : 1, v/v) after the alkaline saponification of a powdered supplement or o...

Flavor lexicons are a widely used tool for documenting and describing sensory perception of a selected food. Development of a representative flavor lexicon requires several steps, including appropriate product frame of reference collection, language generation, and designation of definitions and references before a final descriptor list can be determined. Once developed, flavor lexicons can be ...