The hypothesis of cytokines as possible pain mediators in neurovascular inflammation offers a potential mechanism for the generation of migraine pain, but few studies examined cytokine levels in migraine patients. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of TNF-α, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ in serum of patients with migraine during attacks and attack-free periods. We evaluated ...

background: migraine is a chronic disease that affects nearly 6% of men and 18% of women worldwide. there are various drugs, which can successfully decrease migraine symptoms and frequency of migraine attacks, but these drugs usually are expensive. hence, this study aimed to assess the effects of pyridoxine  supplementation on severity, frequency and duration of migraine attacks as well as head...


 CADTH recommends that Qulipta be reimbursed by public drug plans for the prevention of episodic migraine, if certain conditions are met.
 should only adults with according to criteria used other calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) inhibitors migraine.
 In addition following pre-existing CGRP inhibitors, not in combination inhibitors. cost is reduced such total treatment does...

Migraine is a common, disabling, complex brain disorder, presenting in attacks that may have up to 3 phases: a prodromal phase, the aura phase, and the headache phase. The pathogenesis of the aura and headache phases is reasonably well understood, but the mechanism by which migraine attacks are triggered is unknown. Most likely, migraineurs have a genetically determined reduced threshold for mi...

OBJECTIVE The primary objectives of the present study were to (1) contrast reproductive hormone levels and ratings of menstrual distress of female migraineurs with those of a control group in each menstrual cycle phase, (2) examine correlations between hormone levels and migraine frequency, severity, and migraine-related disability, and (3) examine correlations between menstrual distress and mi...