Members of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I family of proteins are well known for their central role in the adaptive immune system, where they present self and non-self peptides for immune surveillance. Although the brain has been long considered immune privileged, in part because of an apparent lack of neuronal MHC class I, it has since been shown that MHC class I proteins ar...

An important mammalian defence strategy against intracellular pathogens is the presentation of cytoplasmically derived short peptides by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. MHC class I molecules assemble in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with chaperones, including calnexin and calreticulin, before binding to the transporter associated with antige...

MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules present a blueprint of the intracellular proteome to T cells allowing them control infection or malignant transformation. As response, pathogens and tumor often downmodulate MHC-I mediated antigen presentation escape from immune surveillance. Although fundamental rules are known in detail, players this system not saturated new modules regulation have recently been ...

Tumor expression of major histocompatibility complex antigen (MHC) class I and class II is not essential for the induction of memory T cells. However, induction of MHC class I-restricted effector cytotoxic T cells (CTL) appears dependent on MHC class I expression on tumors. Moreover, the effector function of tumor-specific CTL requires direct recognition of the tumor. In contrast, both the indu...

In viviparous species, the conceptus must be protected from a potentially hostile maternal immune system. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a genetic region that encodes MHC class I and class II proteins, which present peptide antigens to T lymphocytes and induce graft rejection. The MHC, class II proteins are only expressed on professional, antigen-presenting cells. However, classi...

Recent work from one laboratory has shown, in both nonobese diabetic mice and humans, an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and quantitative difference in MHC class I molecule expression. This reported decrease in MHC class I molecule expression is very controversial in the nonobese diabetic mouse model of IDDM, but to our knowledge, it has not been evaluated by anot...

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. MHC Class I and II Molecules 3.1. Function of MHC Class I and Class II molecules 3.2. Structure of MHC Class I and Class II molecules 3.3. Antigen binding by MHC Class I and Class II molecules 3.4. MHC polymorphism on peptide binding 3.5. Antigen presentation by MHC Class II molecules 4. MHC and disease associations 4.1. Associations between MHC polymorphism and d...

Monoclonal antibodies and alloantisera were used in an indirect immunohistochemical assay to determine the expression of class I and class II Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) antigens by equine placental cells and the endometrial tissues at the fetal-maternal interface. MHC class I antigens were expressed at high density on the surface of the trophoblast cells of the chorionic girdle at d...

Peptides derived from exogenous proteins are presented by both MHC class I and II. Despite extensive study, the features of the endocytic pathway that mediate cross-presentation of exogenous antigens on MHC class I are not entirely understood and difficult to generalize to all proteins. Here, we used dendritic cells and macrophages to examine MHC class I and II presentation of hen egg-white lys...

Macrophages present exogenous Ag either via MHC class I or MHC class II molecules. We investigated whether the mode of hemagglutinin (HA) uptake influences the class of MHC molecule by which this Ag is presented. Normally, HA is ingested by receptor-mediated endocytosis, but this may be switched to macropinocytosis and pinocytosis by adding phorbol esters to the cells. This switch resulted in a...