background: fertility pattern has some influence on health of mother and child as well as it can resist population growth. methods: a cross sectional study on fertility perception among married women of reproductive age group, was carried out in 3 blocks and 2 municipality areas of howrah district of west bengal, india, covering 12 villages and 4 wards, selected by stratified multistage random ...

a survey was made to study the rational given by women living in rural area of west tehran for using or not using family planning measures (1994). the purposes of this study were to investigate the reasons for using or not using family planning measures and it's relation to personal characteristics of the subjects. the samples were grouped in smaller groups: - those using effective family ...

Withdrawal of life support is an option for patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation when all attempts at weaning have failed and it is deemed futile to continue the therapy, when quality of life is unacceptable, or when it is perceived that the patient is suffering. The purpose of this article is to present the nursing aspects of managing an adult patient undergoing the withdrawal of mec...

Lymphovenous malformations are sequestrations of developing lymphatic system, located in head and neck in most cases. Involvement of the tongue poses an airway challenge. We present a case of lymphovenous malformation of tongue in a ten year old child with speech and breathing difficulties. This report illustrates the specific difficulties encountered and its perioperative management with metic...

The clinical syndrome of heart failure is increasing in prevalence, as is the number of elderly persons with heart failure. Increasing frailty and progression of heart failure in large numbers of patients means clinicians are increasingly challenged to provide end-of-life care for heart failure patients. End-of-life care has been little studied, but management can be understood from early clini...

Aggressive and complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice for fibrosarcomas in cats. Thorough preoperative planning and meticulous surgical technique are necessary for optimal cosmetic, functional, and oncologic outcome. Perioperative pain management with an emphasis on preemptive analgesia and multimodal analgesia is essential to minimize patient morbidity.

Rhinoplasty is considered to be one of the most challenging procedures in otolaryngology head and neck surgery. Meticulous planning and excellent surgical skills are pre-requisites for reproducible good outcomes. More than 100 years after the first rhinoplasty, many controversies regarding indication and techniques remain unresolved. The aim of this article is to review current concepts and arg...

Surgical management of scoliosis in Neurofibromatosis type I may be challenging at times especially when dealing with dystrophic curves. We highlight the importance of meticulous study of the radiological imaging and careful pre-operative planning in a patient with dystrophic scoliosis.