In cell signaling systems, the abundances of signaling molecules are generally thought to determine the response to stimulation. However, the kinetics of molecular processes, for example receptor trafficking and protein turnover, may also play an important role. Few studies have systematically examined this relationship between the resting state and stimulus-responsiveness. Fewer still have inv...

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The Hsp70 co-chaperone CHIP has recently gained attention as a regulator of protein turnover. CHIP has now been reported to be a component of the ubiquitination cascade, specifically an E3 ligase. CHIP appears to be part of a system that diverts incorrectly folded proteins from chaperones to the proteasome.

soil is one of the main non-renewable natural resources in the world and its degradation is considered as a major threat around the globe because it reduces the productivity capacity of soil variability and makes the environment instable in the long turn. soil degradation has three different aspects: physical, chemical and biological degradation. if any of these aspects of the destruction of th...

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms that share characteristics with bacteria and chloroplasts regarding mRNA degradation. Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 is a model organism for cyanobacteria, but not much is known about the mechanism of RNA degradation. Only one member of the RNase II-family is present in the genome of Synechocystis sp PCC6803. This protein was shown to be essenti...

Infection with gammaherpesviruses, alphaherpesviruses, and betacoronaviruses can result in widespread mRNA degradation, in each case initiated predominantly by a single viral factor. Although not homologous, these factors exhibit significant mechanistic similarities. In cells, each targets translatable RNAs for cleavage and requires host Xrn1 to complete RNA degradation, although the mechanism ...

background: poly chlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) are the groups of organic chemical material and toxic, persistent, bio accumulate and pose a risk of causing adverse effects to human health and the environment. pcb compounds are caused the different health effects in human depending of age, sex, route of entry, intensity and frequency exposure. this study was conducted to determine the effect of m...

in this study the application of zno nanoparticles to uv photocatalytic degradation of nonionic surfactanttriton x-100 in aqueous media was investigated. the affecting factors on the photodegradation such as tritonx-100 initial concentration, nanocatalyst weight, ph, temperature and other parameters were studied anddescribed in details. the degradation rate was found to be strongly influenced b...

urban expansion and agriculture intensification are relevant drivers in land degradation (ld)processes in europe due to net loss of land, soil sealing, landscape fragmentation and other negative effects on the environment. this paper explores changes (or “trajectories” of change) in land use and cover (lulc) and their relationship with the consumption of soils in emilia-romagna (northern italy)...

Escherichia coli contains multiple 3' to 5' RNases, of which two, RNase PH and polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase), use inorganic phosphate as a nucleophile to catalyze RNA cleavage. It is known that an absence of these two enzymes causes growth defects, but the basis for these defects has remained undefined. To further an understanding of the function of these enzymes, the degradation patter...