Emergy synthesis is used as a tool for a critical analysis of biofuels promoted by the Swedish energy policies. We evaluate the production process of three different biofuels in Sweden: Ethanol from wheat (Transformity: 9.19E+04 seJ/J, Renewability: 12% Emergy Yield Ratio: 1.15); methanol from willow (second generation biofuel) (Transformity: 6.06E+04 seJ/J, Renewability: 10% Emergy Yield Ratio...

Biodiesel is a biofuel made from vegetable oil through an esterification-transesterification process. The process of making biodiesel carried out by conventional heating methods and microwave heating. reaction was according to the specified variables, with concentration 0.1% volume methanol variable power 135, 225 315 watts time variations 5, 3 1 minute, as well at 60°C for hour. best result on...

This paper describes a methodology to explore the (future) spatial distribution of biofuel crops in Europe. Two main types of biofuel crops are distinguished: biofuel crops used for the production of biodiesel or bioethanol, and second-generation biofuel crops. A multiscale, multi-model approach is used in which biofuel crops are allocated over the period 2000–2030. The area of biofuel crops at...

Baobab (Adansonia digitata) is a promising bio-resource distributed across Africa. A variety of biofuels such as biodiesel, bioethanol, bio-oil and biogas can be prepared from feedstock derived baobab. In this vein, different parts baobab plant, for instance oil, fruit shells, seed cakes utilized biofuel synthesis. study, novozyme-435 (CAL-B) was used biocatalyst biodiesel production. Oil to co...

nanotechnology has opened up new opportunities for the design of nanoscale electronic devices suitable for developing high-performance biofuel cells. glucose-based biofuel cells as green energy sources can be a powerful tool in the service of small-scale power source technology as it provides a latent potential to supply power for various implantable medical electronic devices. by using physiol...

Abstract Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) are sustainable biofuel that can alleviate high oil costs and environmental impacts of petroleum-based fuel. A modified 1200 W high-efficiency food blender was employed for continuous transesterification various refined vegetable oils waste cooking (WCO) using sodium hydroxide as a homogeneous catalyst. The following factors have been investigated on th...

The dehydration of bioalcohols is considered one the major factors contributing to cost biofuel production. In this study, liquid phase separation water from methanol and ethanol in a siliceous MFI pervaporation membrane was studied by performing concentration gradient driven molecular dynamic (CGD-MD) simulations. CGD-MD simulations work imposing higher feed side lower permeate membrane. This ...

Abstract The challenge of drop-in jet biofuel should couple the reduction GHGs emission in whole life cycle with economic competitiveness and achieving performance without reducing engine aircraft. Co-processing was recognized a promising solution due to availability existing refining infrastructure facilities. Based on LCA approach, quantitative assessment model (AF-3E) has been established fo...

Current biofuel production methods use engineered bacteria to break down cellulose and convert it to biofuel. A major challenge in microbial fuel production is that increasing biofuel yields can be limited by the toxicity of the biofuel to the organism that is producing it. Previous research has demonstrated that efflux pumps are effective at increasing tolerance to various biofuels. However, w...