The optical transmission and reflection in between two metalized optical fiber tips is studied in the optical near-field and far-field domains. In addition to aluminum-coated tips for near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM), specifically developed gold-coated fiber tips cut by focused ion beam are investigated. Transverse transmission maps of subwavelength width clearly indicate optical n...

Multilayer flexible packaging waste is a critical issue in the field of management as it considered non-recyclable material. One solutions to increase its recyclability delamination, which allows recycling different polymer layers separately. This study investigated optimization delamination by microperforating this plastic. The diffusion model was described Fick's first law. process tested at ...

porphyrins are a ubiquitous large class of naturally occurring macrocyclic compounds with many significant biological representatives comprising heme and chlorophyll. some novel adaptable methods for the synthesis of free-based porphyrins as promising sensitizers for the use in photo-dynamic therapy by the virtue of their known tumor affinity, low dark cytotoxicity, and easy synthesis in good t...

Soil concentrations and degradation rates of methyl isothio-cyanate (MITC), chloropicrin (CP), 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) were determined under fumigant application scenarios representative of commercial raised bed, plastic mulched vegetable production systems. Five days after application, 1,3-D, MITC, and CP were detected at concentrations up to 3.52, 0.72, and ...