BACKGROUND Conflicting with clinical practice guidelines, recent studies demonstrated that serum potassium concentrations (SPC) of ≥4.5 mEq/l were associated with increased mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study examined the association between SPC and long-term mortality following AMI in patients recruited from a population-based registry. METHODS Included i...

BACKGROUND Most cases of hyponatremia--serum sodium concentration ([Na+]) < 135 mEq/l (< 135 mM)--are associated with an elevated plasma arginine vasopressin level. This study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of intravenous conivaptan (YM087), a vasopressin V1A/V2-receptor antagonist, in treating euvolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia. METHODS Eighty-four hospitalized patients with...

BACKGROUND Compared with serum potassium levels 4-5.5 mEq/L, those <4 mEq/L have been shown to increase mortality in chronic heart failure (HF). Expert opinions suggest that serum potassium levels >5.5 mEq/L may be harmful in HF. However, little is known about the safety of serum potassium 5-5.5 mEq/L. METHODS Of the 7788 chronic HF patients in the Digitalis Investigation Group trial, 5656 ha...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Data regarding dosage-response relationships for using hypertonic saline in treatment of hyponatremia are extremely limited. Objectives of this study were to assess adherence to previously published guidelines (limiting correction to <12 mEq/L per d and <18 mEq/L per 48 h) in treating hyponatremia with hypertonic saline and to determine the predictive accuracy of the A...

0 98.8 F, Respiratory Rate 20/min. His admission labs showed Sodium 138 mEq/L, potassium 5.5 mEq/L, chloride 95 mEq/L, bicarbonate 14 mEq/L, BUN 193 mg/dL, Cr 16 mg/dL, phosphorus 12.4 mg/dL, WBC 7.7 cumm, Hemoglobin 13.8 g/dL, and hematocrit 39.0%, Creatine kinase 2920 mg/dL. Urinalysis revealed large blood, negative protein, specific gravity 1012, WBC 4-10/hpf, RBC>50 / HPF with many RBC cast...

INTRODUCTION A circadian rhythm is any biological process that displays an endogenous, entrainable, oscillation of about 24 hours; the rhythms driven by a circadian clock and sleep have been widely observed in plants, animals, fungi and cyanobacteria. The main aim of the current study was to translate and validate the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) to Kannada (MEQ-K). MATERIALS A...

Because the anion gap is useful in classifying acid-base disorders, quantitative information on this variable should be readily available. Three populations were studied and means and central 90% ranges were determined for the anion gap, calculated as sodium-(chloride + bicarbonate). In 1047 hospitalized patients the mean was 12 mEq/liter, 86 faster volunteers had a mean of 13 mEq/liter with a ...

We report on results from an Internet survey of sleeping habits in a Dutch population using the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ), supplemented with the Horne-Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). The MCTQ was completed by 5,055 responders, of which 2,481 also completed the MEQ. MEQ score correlated well with the MCTQ assessment of time of mid-sleep on free days (MSF; r = - ...

Mequindox (MEQ) is a relatively new synthetic antibacterial agent widely applied in China since the 1980s. However, its reproductive toxicity has not been adequately performed. In the present study, four groups of male Kunming mice (10 mice/group) were fed diets containing MEQ (0, 25, 55 and 110 mg/kg in the diet) for up to 18 months. The results show that M4 could pass through the blood-testis...

To test whether a major contribution of airways epithelial ion transport to lung defense reflects the regulation of airway surface liquid (ASL) ionic composition, we measured ASL composition using the filter paper technique. On nasal surfaces, the Cl- concentration (approximately 125 meq/liter) was similar to plasma, but the Na+ concentration (approximately 110 meq/liter) was below plasma, and ...