PURPOSE Intravenous lipid emulsions have been used to treat the systemic toxicity of local anesthetics. The goal of this in vitro study was to examine the effects of lipid emulsions on the norepinephrine-mediated reversal of vasodilation induced by high doses of levobupivacaine, ropivacaine, and mepivacaine in isolated endothelium-denuded rat aorta, and to determine whether such effects are ass...

anesthetic agent as well as lidocaine, bupivacaine and mepivacaine (Fig. 1). Unlike bupivacaine and mepivacaine, which are racemic mixtures of the enantiomers containing equal proportion of the (S) and (R) forms, ropivacaine is exclusively the (S)-enantiomer. Since the (R)-enantiomer in the racemic aminoamide has known to be toxic, ropivacaine potentially provides lower toxicity on heart and ce...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate an indwelling temporary retrobulbar catheter for repeatable injections of local anesthetics for long-lasting and titratable retrobulbar anesthesia in intraocular surgery. PARTICIPANTS The prospective clinic-based study included 153 patients who underwent vitreoretinal surgery (n=111) or buckling procedures with cryocoagulation (n=34). The mean duration of surgery was 84....

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to estimate the minimum effective volume (MEV) of 1.5% mepivacaine for ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block by placing the needle near the lower trunk of brachial plexus and multiple injections. METHODS Thirty patients undergoing forearm and hand surgery received ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block with 1.5% mepivacaine. The initial volume of local ...

OBJECTIVE Local anesthetic solutions with vasoconstrictors are not contraindicated in hypertensive patients, but due to their hemodynamic effects, local anesthetics without vasoconstrictors are mainly preferred by the clinicians. The aim of this study was to compare hemodynamic effects of three different local anesthetics without vasoconstrictors during tooth extraction in hypertensive patients...

Because of low injection volume, the recently marketed injectable solution of diclofenac in complex with β-cyclodextrin (Akis®, IBSA Farmaceutici Italia) is an ideal candidate for mesotherapy applications. In this study, we investigated the solubility of Akis, 25 and 50 mg/kg, in combination with various local anaesthetics (lidocaine, mepivacaine, bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, and ropivacaine) ...

BACKGROUND Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) associated with connective tissue disease (secondary RP) may be difficult to manage with conservative therapy. A combination of sympathetically mediated vasospasm and vaso-occlusion has been implicated as the etiology of digital ischemic phenomenon. Thoracic sympathetic outflow blocking has been performed with various techniques. However, there have been som...

INTRODUCTION Long lasting anesthesia of the soft tissue beyond the dental treatment affects patients in daily routine. Therefore a sophisticated local anesthesia is needed. The purpose of this study was an evaluation of the clinical use of epinephrine-free local anesthetic solutions in routine short-time dental treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a prospective, single-blind, non-randomized a...

Objective of the present study was to develop and evaluate thermoreversible in situ gelling drug delivery system for periodontal anasthesia. This system improves patient compliance by giving anesthesia at a site without distress of needle insertion. Thermoreversible gels were prepared by combining different concentration of pluronics F127 and F68. Formulations were evaluated in terms of their v...