This chapter explores points of contact between philosophy of mind and scientific approaches to spontaneous thought. While offering a series of conceptual instruments that might prove helpful for researchers on the empirical research frontier, it begins by asking what the explanandum for theories of mind wandering is, how one can conceptually individuate single occurrences of this specific targ...

Copies are tokens of a single (type) expression and group together in virtue of having the same shape (i.e. they look alike). However, given common conceptions they are unlikely to be identical. For example, it is often assumed that movement is motivated by Greed and that the features of a moving expression change (get checked/valued) through the course of a derivation. 1 If so, the identity of...

Karl Jaspers is considered the uncontested founder of psychopathology as a science with its own object and methodology.1 This establishment of psychopathology was based essentially on the rejection of natural scientific reductionism, which attempted to trace back mental phenomena and occurrences of mental disorders to their source in the organic substrate (i.e., in the brain). Indeed, this redu...

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Stress can induce profound responses in the cardiovascular system. In such situations increased systemic blood pressure and flow have been observed (Groilman, 1929; Stead et al., 1945; Hickam, Cargill, and Golden, 1948; Stevenson, Duncan, and Wolff, 1949; Wolf et al., 1955). Much of our further knowledge of the responses to emotional stimuli on central and regional hamodynamics in man has been ...

BACKGROUND: Few studies have systematically compared the relationship between lost work productivity (work impairment) and mental disorders using population surveys. AIMS: (1) To identify the importance of individual mental disorders and disorder co-occurrences (comorbidity) as predictors of two measures of work impairment over the past month - work loss (number of days unable to perform usual ...