BACKGROUND Most of the available evidence on the effects of depression is based on in- and out-patient samples focusing on individuals suffering from major depression. The aims of this study were to examine cognitive functioning in population-based samples and to determine whether cognitive performance varies as a function of depression subgroup. METHOD Population-based samples (aged 20-64 ye...

Spatial researchers have been arguing over the optimum cognitive strategy for spatial problem-solving for several decades. The current paper aims to shift this debate from strategy dichotomies to strategy flexibility — a cognitive process, which although alluded to in spatial research, presents practical methodological challenges to empirical testing. In the current study, participants’ eye mov...

The role of psychological flexibility in mental health stigma and psychological distress for the stigmatizer.

Prior research has shown that flexibility within mental budgets allows consumers to make exceptions to budget rules in order to justify indulgent choices. However, other research has suggested that too stringent of mental budgets can lead to self-control failure through self-control depletion and the “what-the-hell” effect. We propose that including slack, defined as a region of constrained fle...

Objective: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) tries to increase the psychological acceptance of individuals during mental experiences (thoughts, emotions, etc.) and to decrease their ineffective control of behaviors. This study aimed to determine the impact of ACT on the psychological flexibility of students with thalassemia in Zahedan City, Iran.  Methods: The present study was a quasi-e...

introduction: drug addiction could lead to severe impairments in executive and neurocognitive functions but study on the impact of hydrochloride heroin on executive functions has remained in infancy in iran. the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between addiction to hydrochloride heroin and executive functioning in several cognitive domains including mental flexibility, abstract...