transient hypogammaglobulinemia (thi) of infancy is a common primary immunodeficiency usually resolves by 3 years of age. in this study, clinical, immunological data and outcome of 101 retrospectively diagnosed thi patients were evaluated. majority of them suffered from recurrent respiratory infections (70.3%). initial igg, igm and iga levels were 446.7±121.5, 67.5±32.8, and 25.6±16.8 mg/dl, re...

Memory B cells can persist for a lifetime and be reactivated to yield high affinity, isotype switched plasma cells. The generation of memory B cells by Ag immunization requires adjuvants that generally contain TLR agonists. However, requirements for memory B cell activation and the role of TLRs in this activation are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed the response of memory B cells...

background: patients with b-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (b-cll) have hetero-geneous clinical courses, thus several biological parameters need to be added to the cur-rent clinical staging systems to predict disease outcome. recent immunophenotypic stud-ies performed mainly in western populations have demonstrated the prognostic value of cd38 and zap-70 expression in b-cll. objectives: to i...

The mechanisms that regulate B cell memory and the rapid recall response to antigen remain poorly defined. This study focuses on the rapid expression of B cell memory upon antigen recall in vivo, and the replenishment of quiescent B cell memory that follows. Based on expression of CD138 and B220, we reveal a unique and major subtype of antigen-specific memory B cells (B220(-)CD138(-)) that are ...