Abstract According to Avicenna, some of the objects mathematics exist and do not. Every existing mathematical object is a non-sensible connotational attribute physical can be perceived by faculty estimation. Non-existing represented imagination through separating combining parts images that are previously In any case, even non-existing should considered as properties material entities. They nev...

This study intertwined the mathematical concepts of stability and recent research works on stability of 2D space model Since Mathematics in Engineering is inevitable. In this context, this study briefly emphasizes the mathematical concepts especially in the Control Engineering field and also includes recent research works on stability of 2D state space model.

Brain networks are increasingly understood as one of a large class of information processing systems that share important organizational principles in common, including the property of a modular community structure. A module is topologically defined as a subset of highly inter-connected nodes which are relatively sparsely connected to nodes in other modules. In brain networks, topological modul...

Several computational and mathematical features of the h-p cloud method are demonstrated in this paper. We show how h, p and h-p adaptivity can be implemented in the h-p cloud method without traditional grid concepts typical of finite element methods. The mathematical derivation of an a posteriori error estimate for the h-p cloud method is also presented. Severalnumerical examples illustrate th...

Research on mathematics education has shown that learners' actions can influence how they think and vice versa. Much of this work has been rooted in the use of manipulatives, gestures, and body movements. Our article dissects the mechanisms that underscore the impact of embodied activities and applies this lens to explore how to harness the affordances of new technology to enhance mathematical ...

Ricci scalar is the key ingredient of non-Newtonian theory of gravity, where space-time geometry has a crucial role. Normally, it is supposed to be a geometrical field, but interestingly it also behaves like a physical field. Thus it plays dual role in the arena of gravitation. This article is an overview of the work related to dual roles of the Ricci scalar. A scalar is a mathematical concept ...

APRIL 2002 Tools for Representing Fractions This article discusses fraction models. The terms representation and model are sometimes used almost interchangeably, but the two terms are not synonymous. For example, we use a model to represent a mathematical idea. The reason for this ambiguity is that both representation and model have several different meanings and share some meanings. A model ca...

I Definition and Mathematical Practice The basic observation structuring this survey is that mathematicians often set finding the “right” / “proper” / “correct” / “natural” definition as a research objective, and success finding “the proper” definition can be counted as a significant advance in knowledge. Remarks like these from a retrospective on twentieth century algebraic geometry are common:

A stellarator is a toroidal plasma confinement concept that uses effects that arise in the absence of toroidal symmetry to maintain the magnetic configuration without the need for current drive. The largest magnetic fusion machines under construction are stellarators, and the plasma parameters achieved in stellarators are second only to those in tokamaks. Stellarators are poised for rapid progr...