OBJECTIVE To assess insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function associated with lower maternal fasting plasma glucose levels at high altitude compared with sea level. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied 215 pregnant women at 8-42 weeks of gestation in Peru. The women were recruited from Cerro de Pasco, which is situated 4,370 m (14,340 feet) above sea level, and Lima, which is at sea level....

Background and Objectives: several investigations have been done to evaluate the effect of Ramadan fasting on fetal and maternal health, which have all led to controversial results. The role of Ramadan fasting time in birth weight is still unclear. This study evaluated the effect of fasting at different periods of pregnancy on birth weight. Methods: 250 pregnant women fasting at least one day d...

Little is known about how lactating women accommodate for their increased glucose demands during fasting to avoid maternal hypoglycemia. The objective of this study was to determine whether lactating women conserve plasma glucose by reducing maternal glucose utilization by increasing utilization of FFA and ketone bodies and/or increasing gluconeogenesis and mammary gland hexoneogenesis. Six hea...

To understand the physical health of women during pregnancy in Beijing, data pregnant who attended obstetrics outpatient clinic Miyun District Maternal and Child Health Hospital Beijing from 2017 to 2020 were selected. The blood lipid indexes (the triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density (LDL-C)), 75g oral glucose tolerance test (fasting plasma gl...

CONTEXT Gestational hyperglycemia increases the risk of obesity and diabetes in offspring later in life. OBJECTIVE We examined the relationship between gestational glycemia and neonatal adiposity in a multiethnic cohort of Singaporean neonates. DESIGN A prospective mother-offspring cohort study recruited 1247 pregnant mothers (57.2% Chinese, 25.5% Malay, 17.3% Indian) and performed 75-g, 2-...

Both intra-uterine and early childhood development contribute to the risk of developing CVD in adult life. We therefore evaluated the maternal, placental, fetal, birth, infant and childhood determinants of cardiovascular risk in a cohort of Afro-Jamaican children. The Vulnerable Windows Cohort is a longitudinal survey of 569 mothers and their offspring recruited from the first trimester. The of...

BACKGROUND Hyperlipidemia and high fasting plasma glucose levels at the first prenatal visit (First Visit FPG) are both related to gestational diabetes mellitus, maternal obesity/overweight and fetal overgrowth. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the correlation between First Visit FPG and lipid concentrations, and their potential association with offspring size at delivery. M...

Introduction: There is a great deal of controversy regarding the effect of gestational magnesium (Mg) deficiency on fetal growth and the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) in infants. Therefore, this study aimed to delineate the possible relationship between maternal Mg level and infant LBW. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 180 mothers in Shiraz, Iran. Fasting blood samples we...

BACKGROUND Neonatal body composition has implications for the health of the newborn both in short and long term perspective. The objective of the current study was first to explore the association between maternal BMI and metabolic parameters associated with BMI and neonatal percentage body fat and to determine to which extent any associations were modified if adjusting for placental weight. Se...

OBJECTIVES To systematically review the literature on the use of probiotics in pregnancy and their impact on maternal outcomes. METHODS Online databases were searched in April 2012 using the following terms to identify eligible studies: "probiotics", "pregnancy", "maternal outcomes" and "metabolism". Primary outcomes of selected studies were maternal fasting glucose during pregnancy and rates...