fi on the runway and rated the visibility of the obstructing object in varying levels of white xed-pattern noise. The effect of the noise was compared with the predictions of single and s p multiple channel discrimination models. Without a contrast masking correction, both model redict almost no effect of the fixed-pattern noise. A global contrast masking correction n i improves both models’ pr...

Two experiments are reported in this study. In the first experiment the masking effect of five different types of narrow-band maskers was compared. The masker was either a tone, a narrow-band Gaussian noise, or a multiplication noise obtained by multiplying a sinusoid with a low-pass Gaussian noise. The noise maskers had a bandwidth of either 20 or 100 Hz. In all cases the masker had a center f...

In peripheral vision, high-frequency gratings beyond the Nyquist limit are visible as aliased patterns but, as shown previously, their visibility can be masked by superimposed sub-Nyquist gratings. Is the converse also true? Can supra-Nyquist gratings affect the detectability of sub-Nyquist gratings? In this study, we investigated the masking effect of high contrast, supra-Nyquist components of...

The brightness of a brief flash of light is reduced by the suitable presentation of a second flash in an adjacent region of the visual field. This making effect (metacontrast) can be induced dichoptically, that is with the test flash presented to one eye and the masking flash to the other. By a suitable choice of wavelengths and conditioning field, the test flash may be arranged to effectively ...

A major class of image and video watermarking algorithms, i.e. content-based watermarking, is based on the concept of Human Visual System (HVS) in order to adapt more efficiently to the local characteristics of the host signal. In this paper, a content-based video watermarking scheme is developed and the concept of entropy masking effect is employed to significantly improve the use of the HVS m...

Deacon [1] considers that the reverse Baldwin effect can be one of the major forces in language evolution. The reverse Baldwin effect is essentially a redistributional process of genes as a result of environmental changes which mask and unmask selection pressures. Although Deacon indicates that in the case of language evolution, niche construction is deeply involved in masking and unmasking pro...

The lateral masking effect results in lower performance on letter recognition when items are flanked by other stimuli. Using a new paradigm based on discrimination (feature analysis) and categorization (memory access) tasks, we investigated the influence of level of processing (as addressed, respectively, by these two tasks) and stimulus type (Latin letters, Korean letters and geometrical figur...

Recent research has suggested that musicians have an advantage in some speech-in-noise paradigms, but not all. Whether musicians outperform nonmusicians on a given speech-in-noise task may well depend on the type of noise involved. To date, few groups have specifically studied the role that informational masking plays in the observation of a musician advantage. The current study investigated th...

at the highest signal levels, the masking function for the off-frequency condition seems to become more linear. while some basilar membrane data show more linear growth at high levels, others do not. aim of the present study is to assess function of masking at high levels regarding its clinical appearance. in this experiment we evaluated the hearing thresholds of three different signals (wide-b...

We probed how processing of luminance increments and decrements interacts with attention dependent substitution masking. Results showed that a target was identified better when surrounded by an opposite polarity mask as compared to the same polarity mask. Opposite polarity mask decreased an effect of distracters, indicating influence on the time of directing attention to a target. The opposite ...