In the second of fotur articles, the authors discuss the /estimatioin" approach to linterpreting stuidy results. Whereas, in hypothesis testing, study restIlts lead the reader to reject or accept a null hypothesis, in estimationi the reader can assess whether a result is strong or weak, definitive or not. A confidence interval, based on the observed result and the size of the samnple, is calcUl...

It is a common practice to build large-scale software systems as a combination of smaller components. However, it is quite costly if software developers need to design and develop the components from scratch for each software system. It is quite desirable that they build highly generalized components that can be used in many systems. However, it is not enough to prepare many reusable components...

Researches have shown that most effort of today’s software development is maintenance and evolution. Developers often use integrated development environments, debuggers, and tools for code search, testing, and program understanding to reduce the tedious tasks. One way to make software development more efficient is to make the program more readable. There have been many approaches proposed and d...

Maintaining software systems is getting more complex and difficult task. Code clone is one of the factors that make software maintenance more difficult. A code clone is a code portion in source files that is identical or similar to another. If some faults are found in a code clone, it is necessary to correct the faults in its all code clones. We have developed a maintenance support environment,...

Over the past two decades, considerable efforts focused on improving software quality to satisfy the customers needs in software industry, but it is hard to deal with the customers needs for its vague and inexact characteristic. In order to evaluate software quality accurately and comprehensively, the weights of customers needs and the weights of technical attributes of the software are determi...

There is a pressing need to make software system acquisition more agile and adaptive, through evolutionary modeling, simulation, and development of the system being acquired. Here we’ll describe a new vision for the re-tooling and reengineering software system acquisition into a form we call VISTA, denoting an approach to the virtual acquisition of these systems. We will describe this new appro...

The concept of life-style is becoming a major differentiating trait between population groups substituting for economic and social classes. This paper describes the utilization of the concept of life-style in the context of travel demand models. life-style is defined as a pattern of behavior under constrained resources which conforms to the orientations an individual has toward three major 'lif...

Capacity coordination, as the tactical level of hierarchical production planning in hybrid MTS/MTO systems, includes numerous important decisions. In this paper, two of these decisions i.e. finding the best strategy for the acceptance/rejection of incoming orders and determining orders’ due dates – are investigated. Also a simulation model is proposed to evaluate the efficiency of the presented...