Survival of the green fluorescent protein-transformed human pathogens Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was studied in a laboratory-simulated lettuce production chain. Dairy cows were fed three different roughage types: high-digestible grass silage plus maize silage (6:4), low-digestible grass silage, and straw. Each was adjusted with supplemental concentrates...

AIM The aim was to determine the chemical composition and metabolisable energy (ME) content of feedstuffs used in ruminant animals using in vitro method. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 18 feedstuffs used for ruminant feeding including cultivated non-leguminous fodders like maize, sorghum, pearl millet, and oat; leguminous fodders like cowpea and berseem; agro-industrial by-products such as ...

Requirements for mitigation of the continued increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are much needed for the North China Plain (NCP). We conducted a meta-analysis of 76 published studies of 24 sites in the NCP to examine the effects of natural conditions and farming practices on GHG emissions in that region. We found that N2O was the main component of the area-scaled total GHG balance, and t...

Aspergillus niger ( A. ) and Penicillium chrysogenum P. can significantly promote the degradation of maize straw phosphorus release. Compared with , is more efficient in releasing. After seven days incubation, highest ratio content +maize treatment 2.58% 2.3 mg/L, respectively. The mechanisms for decomposition between these two fungi are different. Oxalic acid primary organic secreted by which ...

A field experiment was performed from 2003 to 2008 to evaluate the effects of tillage system and nitrogen management regimes on crop yields and nitrate leaching from the fluvo-aquic soil with a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-maize (Zea mays L.) double-cropping system. The tillage systems consisted of conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT). Three nitrogen management regimes were incl...

The utilization of crop straw resources has been highly emphasized by governments and academia in recent decades. growing importance decomposition the wheat-maize rotation system remarkable diversity accumulated information on this topic inspired us to quantitatively explore variations outcomes individual studies. We conducted a data analysis 46 experimental studies reporting effects agronomic ...

EC directive 2001/93/EC states that pigs must have permanent access to a sufficient quantity of material to enable proper investigation and manipulation activities. This directive requires further interpretation. In order to facilitate the further implementation of the directive into national, Dutch legislation a preliminary model was constructed to assess the value of different enrichment mate...

Abstract Maize straw, an abundant agricultural residue, has potential as eco-friendly resource. The aim of this study was to investigate the structure and effect on Bifidobacterium longum exopolysaccharide produced by Weissella cibaria using maize straw a carbon source. In work, exopolysaccharide-producing strain isolated from vegetable juice, which identified W. cibaria. Our results demonstrat...

The aim of this experiment was to investigate pigs’ preferences for rooting materials. Eighteen materials were allocated to six categories each of which consisted of three similar materials based on characteristics such as structure, size of particles, complexity, destructibility and digestibility. Twelve pairs of pigs chose among the three materials of each of the six categories in a balanced ...