نتایج جستجو برای: macronutrient
تعداد نتایج: 3113 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
This background paper considers the extent to which the development of new recommendations for dietary energy requirements needs to account for the macronutrient (fat, carbohydrate, protein and alcohol) profiles of different diets. The issues are discussed from the dual perspectives of avoiding under-nutrition and obesity. It is shown that, in practice, human metabolic processes can adapt to a ...
Synchrotron-based X-ray microfluorescence (µSXRF) is an analytical method suitable for in situ investigation of the distribution of micronutrient and macronutrient elements in several-micrometres-thick unstained biological samples, e.g. single cells and tissues. Elements are mapped and quantified at sub-p.p.m. concentrations. In this study the quantity, distribution and grouping/co-localization...
Background: Given that abdominal obesity increases the risk of affecting metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between energy and macronutrient intake with women's abdominal obesity in Sabzevar. Methods: In this study, 225 female nurses and medical staff in Vase’e hospital of Sabzevar were selected. In order to assess the dietary int...
BACKGROUND Macronutrient intake varies substantially between individuals, and there is evidence that this variation is partly accounted for by genetic variants. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to identify common genetic variants that are associated with macronutrient intake. DESIGN We performed 2-stage genome-wide association (GWA) meta-analysis of macronutrient intake in populatio...
BACKGROUND We sought to characterize the effects of dietary macronutrient composition on various hormones implicated in the regulation of insulin sensitivity (IS) and energy expenditure (EE). METHODS Following 10-15% weight loss, 21 overweight subjects consumed 3 weight-loss maintenance diets [low fat (LF), low glycemic index (LGI) and very low carbohydrate (VLC)] in random order, each for 4 ...
Commercial infrared (IR) milk analyzers are being increasingly used in research settings for the macronutrient measurement of breast milk (BM) prior to its target fortification. These devices, however, may not provide reliable measurement if not properly calibrated. In the current study, we tested a correction algorithm for a Near-IR milk analyzer (Unity SpectraStar, Brookfield, CT, USA) for fa...
We combine a recently developed framework for describing dietary generalism with compositional data analysis to examine patterns of omnivory in a large widely distributed mammal. Using the brown bear (Ursus arctos) as a model species, we collected and analyzed data from the literature to estimate the proportions of macronutrients (protein, carbohydrate, and lipid) in the diets of bear populatio...
Target fortification (TFO) reduces natural macronutrient variation in breast milk (BM). Daily BM analysis for TFO increases neonatal intensive care unit work load by 10-15 min/patient/day and may not be feasible in all nurseries. The variation of macronutrient intake when BM analysis is done for various schedules was studied. In an observational study, we analyzed 21 subsequent samples of nativ...
OBJECTIVE Mis-reporting dietary intake is a substantial barrier to understanding the role of dietary behavior in disease. Work with adults indicates that heavier individuals under-report dietary intake and that under-reporting may be macronutrient-specific. Whether weight status and macronutrient intake influence the accuracy of dietary reports among children, however, is less clear. This resea...
There is a large body of research demonstrating that macronutrient balancing is a primary driver of foraging in herbivores and omnivores, and more recently, it has been shown to occur in carnivores. However, the extent to which macronutrient selection in carnivores may be influenced by organoleptic properties (e.g. flavour/aroma) remains unknown. Here, we explore the roles of nutritional and he...
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