The energy efficiency, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and carbon efficiency of paddy rice production were analysed in Sari in the Mazandaran province of Iran during 2011–2012. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews with paddy producers. The results showed that the net energy gain was 27,932 MJ ha-1 and energy efficiency was 1.83 during production. The results o...

farm machinery managers often need to make complex economic decisions on machinery replacement. repair and maintenance costs can have significant impacts on this economic decision. the farm manager must be able to predict farm machinery repair and maintenance costs. this study aimed to identify a regression model that can adequately represent the repair and maintenance costs in terms of machine...

in this paper the use of farm machinery in sugar beet farms in farsprovince was studied. the necessary data, with two-stage cluster sampling method in fasa, eghlid and darab cities on 2004- 2005 were collected. from 203 farmers selected for the study. 113 of them were in high level mechanization group and 90 of them were in low level mechanization group. in this study, the effect of farm machin...

this study was conducted to compare the methods of seed bedpreparation in rangelands of khash region in sistan and baluchestan province iniran. a split plot design was conducted based on randomized complete blockdesign with three replications in 1999. five seed bed preparation methods wereused as main plot as: 1) seed sown by passing livestock. 2) seed sown machinery.3) seeds sown as drilled in...

It will not be possible to apply exactly the same teaching process to the machine as to a normal child. It will not, for instance, be provided with legs, so that it could not be asked to go out and fill the coal scuttle. Possibly it might not have eyes. But however well these deficiencies might be overcome by clever engineering, one could not send the creature to school without the other childr...

The ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) machinery consists of a number of cytosolic proteins that make up three functional subcomplexes: ESCRT-I, ESCRT-II and ESCRT-III. These proteins function in multivesicular body formation and cell division and are co-opted by enveloped retroviruses to facilitate viral egress. Analysis of these functions may help illuminate conserved me...

in different projects the speed of different machinery can be estimated using manufacturer's handbooks and a number of modification factors to consider the environmental effects, type of the project and status of site management. since the statuses of different factors of the domestic projects are totally different from those of the international projects, there is a wide discrepancy betwe...

rotating machinery is the most common machinery in industry. the root of the faults in rotating machinery is often faulty rolling element bearings. this paper presents a technique using optimized artificial neural network by the bees algorithm for automated diagnosis of localized faults in rolling element bearings. the inputs of this technique are a number of features (maximum likelihood estima...