Cognitive flexibility has been measured with inductive reasoning or explicit rule tasks in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The Flexible Item Selection Task (FIST) differs from previous cognitive flexibility tasks in ASD research by giving children an abstract, ambiguous rule to switch. The ASD group (N = 22; Mean age = 8.28 years, SD = 1.52) achieved a lower shift percentage t...

BACKGROUND Data on the prevalence of and factors associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in patients with non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis are limited. Our aim was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with isolation of NTM in this population. METHODS We performed a multicenter observational study of historical cohorts comprising consecutive patients with non-CF ...

BACKGROUND/AIM Accurate measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the evaluation of renal functions in potential kidney donors is associated with important outcomes for both the donor and recipient. We intended to determine the efficacy of various methods while estimating GFR in potential living kidney donors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-three potential kidney donors (31 females, 22 ...

BACKGROUND Long-term predictors of geriatric syndrome of frailty are unclear. Several obesity-related conditions are associated with frailty. This study examines the predictive role of midlife overweight and obesity on development of frailty more than 22 years of follow-up. METHODS Data are from 1,119 men and women aged 30 or older without frailty at baseline participating in a population-bas...

Recent studies reported different ages for peak freestyle swimming performances for 50 m and 1,500 m. The aims of the present study were (i) to determine the age of peak freestyle swimming speed for distances including 50 m, 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 800 m, and 1,500 m and to (ii) analyze the sex difference in peak freestyle swimming speed for all distances between 50 m and 1,500 m for elite female ...

PURPOSE Respiratory conditions remain a source of morbidity globally. As such, this study aimed to explore factors associated with the development of airflow obstruction (AFO) in a rural Indian setting and, using spirometry, study whether underweight is linked to AFO. METHODS Patients > 35 years old attending a rural clinic in West Bengal, India, took a structured questionnaire, had their bod...

PURPOSE Proteasome inhibition results in cytotoxicity to the leukemia stem cell in vitro. We conducted this phase I study to determine if the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib could be safely added to induction chemotherapy in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Bortezomib was given on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 at doses of 0.7, 1.0, 1.3, or 1.5 mg/m(2) with idarubicin...