Abstract Bacteria persist under constant threat of predation by bacterial viruses (phages). Bacteria-phage conflicts result in evolutionary arms races often driven mobile genetic elements (MGEs). One such MGE, a phage satellite Vibrio cholerae called PLE, provides specific and robust defense against pervasive lytic phage, ICP1. The interplay between PLE ICP1 has revealed strategies for molecula...

We recently described a novel, non-host-derived, phage-mediated immunity active at mucosal surfaces, the main site of pathogen entry in metazoans. In that work, we showed that phage T4 adheres to mucus glycoproteins via immunoglobulin-like domains displayed on its capsid. This adherence positions the phage in mucus surfaces where they are more likely to encounter and kill bacteria, thereby bene...

By manipulating arthropod reproduction worldwide, the heritable endosymbiont Wolbachia has spread to pandemic levels. Little is known about the microbial basis of cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) except that bacterial densities and percentages of infected sperm cysts associate with incompatibility strength. The recent discovery of a temperate bacteriophage (WO-B) of Wolbachia containing ankyrin...

A tyrothricin concentration of 0.01 mg. per ml. causes rapid lysis of Staphylococcus aureus; this lyric action is not enhanced by phage. A concentration of 0.001 mg. per ml. of tyrothricin is likewise capable of lysing staphylococci, and the addition of phage does not appreciably alter the rate of lysis. A concentration of 0.0001 mg. per ml. of tyrothricin is unable to effect lysis though it en...

Bacteriophage P8625 is a lytic bacteriophage that infects the verrucomicrobial strain IMCC8625, a marine bacterium affiliated with Verrucomicrobia subdivision 4. Both the bacteriophage and the host bacterial strain were isolated from surface seawater samples collected off the east coast of Korea. The phage particle has an icosahedral capsid with a diameter of ~47 nm and a long tail of ~75 nm in...

Lytic bacteriophages have reemerged as an alternative for the control of pathogenic bacteria. However, the effective use of phage relies on appropriate genomic characterization. In this study, we report the genome of bacteriophage Av-05 and its sequence analysis, which has strong lytic activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains and several Salmonella serotypes. The analysis revealed that...

In this study, 90 internal organ samples of poultry with symptoms of colibacillosis were obtained from Maragheh poultry farms in East Azerbaijan, Iran. In total, 70 bacterial isolates were confirmed as Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains using standard biochemical tests, and antibiotic sensitivity was determined by the disk diffusion method. Antibiotics used in this study included ampicillin, pe...

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) which is noted as a major pathogen associated with healthcare-associated infections has steadily developed beyond antibiotic control. Lytic bacteriophages with the characteristics of infecting and lysing specific bacteria have been used as a potential alternative to traditional antibiotics to solve multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Her...

Cholera outbreaks are proposed to propagate in explosive cycles powered by hyperinfectious Vibrio cholerae and quenched by lytic vibriophage. However, studies to elucidate how these factors affect transmission are lacking because the field experiments are almost intractable. One reason for this is that V. cholerae loses the ability to culture upon transfer to pond water. This phenotype is calle...

Bacteria are known to adapt to environmental changes such as temperature fluctuations. It was found that temperature affects the lysis-lysogeny decision of lambda such that at body temperature (37 degrees C) the phage can select between the lytic and lysogenic pathways, while at ambient temperature (20 degrees C) the lytic pathway is blocked. This temperature-dependent discriminatory developmen...