Objective(s): Many types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been identified, with some leading to cancer and others to skin lesions such as anogenital warts. Studies have demonstrated an association between oncogenic HPV and cervical cancer and many researchers have focused on therapeutic vaccines development. At present, the modulatory effect of opioids on the innate and acquired immune sys...

Background: The immune response of aged broiler breeder hens is influenced by many factors including obesity and aged lymphatic organs, but may improve by increasing the bioavailability of various nutrients such as zinc (Zn). Dietary supplementation of phytase can improve Zn availability in senescent broiler breeder hens. Aims:</st...

Salmonella are intracellular bacterial pathogens that reside and replicate inside macrophages, and attenuated strains of Salmonella typhimurium can be used to deliver heterologous Ags for MHC class I and/or MHC class II-restricted presentation. Recently, it was shown that invasion of macrophages by S. typhimurium may result in the death of host macrophages via a mechanism harboring features of ...

In this research, acute toxicity (LC) of zinc oxide nanoparticle on Beluga (Huso huso) andcommon carp (Cyprinus carpio) was studied. The experiment was conducted using theOrganization for Economic Co-operation and Development (No. 202) method. For bothspecies, 96hLC10 was determined to be more than 200 mg/l. To assess the effects of zinc oxidenanoparticles on blood factors, leukocyte index coun...