Irrigation with moderately saline waters may provoke soil salinization and sodification. The objectives of this three-year study were (1) to quantify these processes in two seedless table grapevines (Vitis vinifera cvs. Autumn Royal and Crimson) subject to a full irrigation and two regulated deficit irrigations (RDI, irrigated at 80% and 60% of net irrigation requirements from post-veraison til...

OBJECTIVES In this study we evaluated heat generation during the low-speed drilling procedure without irrigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten artificial bone blocks that were similar to human D1 bone were used in this study. The baseline temperature was 37.0℃. We drilled into 5 artificial bone blocks 60 times at the speed of 50 rpm without irrigation. As a control group, we drilled into an addi...

Introduction: Most implant systems use drilling with irrigation to avoid the overheating of bone. In relatively high speed technique, may not reach full depth osteotomy. This triggered low technique without irrigation. Objectives: were assessment heat generation and marginal bone loss around implants placed by 150 rpm compared 1200 up one-year follow up. Materials Methods: A total 12 patients e...

The adoption of improved surface irrigation design and management practices is inhibited both by a low awareness amongst irrigators of the variables affecting irrigation performance and the difficulty of quantifying the benefits associated with alternative practices. Simulation modelling may be used to address both of these issues. This paper reports on the use of the surface irrigation model S...

A model of irrigation agriculture is applied to southern Mesopotamian for the areas around Nippur and Uruk. Field systems around late third millennium BC (Ur III period) cities are modeled in order to understand the effects of salinization and what strategies might limit progressive salinization that hinders agricultural yields. Scholars have long suspected that progressive salinization may con...

the spray under pressure is an effective save on water. This task should be automated and controlled in order to limit the water waste and the facilities of damages. For this reason, it's necessary to find a mathematical model describing the irrigation process. In order to facilitate this step the TakagiSugeno fuzzy model is the best approaches of nonlinear systems representation. Various techn...

todays, productivity and efficiency of irrigation have been in the center of the many water-related issues. by using sprinkler irrigation systems in addition to watering easier and automatic, that is a device for raising water application uniformity and efficiency which ultimately will save water consumption and production increase. in this study, four fixed irrigation systems of khorramabad ci...

Water management and utilization is an ongoing problem in developing countries with semi-arid to arid climates such as Afghanistan. The lack of effective irrigation systems are oftentimes the most limiting factor for maximizing agricultural productivity in these countries. In Afghanistan, the most widely used irrigation methods are basin/border for cereal crops and furrow for vegetables and gra...

Although the term precision irrigation is now quite widely used, often to mean drip irrigation, there is no commonly accepted definition or conceptualisation of the term, and no cohesive framework to guide research, development or adoption. This paper is reporting on a review of precision irrigation funded by NPSI. This review is considering the role of current irrigation application technologi...