for detection of mild to moderate degrees of malnutrition, mid- arm-head circumference ratio of 458 of low income children of isfahan were studied. the percentage bf children with a mid-arm-head circumference ratio of above 0.310, between 0.310 and 0.280, between 0.279 and 0.250, and less than 0.250 were 31.00, 51.75, 15.28 and 1.97 respectively. a significant correlation was found between the ...

OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between low and very low birth weights, mother's age, individual socioeconomic status and area deprivation. DESIGN Analysis of the incidence of low and very low birth weights by area deprivation, maternal age, social class of household and estimated income. SETTING England 1996-2000. SUBJECTS 2 894 440 singleton live births and the 10% sample of these...

as cited in the constitution of the islamic republic of iran, it's one of the responsibilities of the government to provide appropriate housing for the people of iran. the main aim of current study was to assess satisfaction rate of a mehr housing residents in fars province, southwest of iran. randomly selected heads of 100 households residents of abadeh mehr housing for at least 1 year were as...

Rheumatic heart disease, already a major burden in low- and middle-income countries, is becoming an emerging problem in high-income countries. Although acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease have almost been eradicated in areas with established economies, the emergence of this problem may be attributable to the migration from low-income to high-income settings. Between 2010 and 2012,...

OBJECTIVE To analyze cause-specific mortality rates according to the relative income hypothesis. METHODS All 96 administrative areas of the city of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, were divided into two groups based on the Gini coefficient of income inequality: high (≥0.25) and low (<0.25). The propensity score matching method was applied to control for confounders associated with socioeconomi...

A number of recent policy interventions have focused on “food deserts,” areas where inhabitants have limited access to nutritious foods, as causal factors in the United States’ obesity epidemic. Yet in the city of St. Louis, many areas with high concentrations of high-risk, low-income households do not qualify as food deserts. I survey grocery and convenience stores in areas with differing leve...

The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study is an investigator initiated programme to assess the health of more than 600 communities selected from 17 countries. Three high-income countries, seven middle-income and seven low-income countries are taking part. As the name suggests, PURE also looks at differences between rural and urban communities. It’s a massive undertaking which is sta...