introduction: low-level laser therapy (lllt) is thought to have analgesic and biomodulatory effects. our objective was to assess the pain-relieving effect of lllt and possible changes in joint stiffness and disability of patients with knee osteoarthritis (koa) and compare it to the more commonly used modality; therapeutic ultrasound(us). methods: 37 patients with mild or moderate koa were rando...

low-power lasers are a group of lasers with a power less than 250 mw and unlike high-power lasers they have no effect on tissue temperature; they produce light-dependent chemical reactions in tissues. these lasers have analgesic features with their ability to trigger reactions that reduce pain and inflammatory mediators. low-power lasers can also be used instead of needles in acupuncture to dec...

Adders, as one of the major components of digital computing systems, have a strong influence on their performance. There are various types of adders, each of which uses a different algorithm to do addition with a certain delay. In addition to low computational delay, minimizing power consumption is also a main priority in adder circuit design. In this paper, the proposed adder is divided into s...

a novel low noise trans-impedance amplifier is proposed using low cost 0.18 µm cmos technology. a resistive-capacitive feedback is used to extend the bandwidth of the amplifier. as the structure is inductor less, it is suitable for low cost integrated optical interconnects. in this paper improved particle swarm optimization have applied to determine optimal trans-resistance and noise of propose...

introduction: low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders,which is prevalent among the public population. depending on the severity of the patients’ pain, different treatments are selected for them. few studies have addressed, so far, the therapeutic effects of laser in such pains and different results have been published in this regard. the aim of this study is to investi...

background: birth weight is considered as the most important index of neonates' growth as well as the most important determinant of infants' mortality. this study was conducted to investigate the growth pattern in normal, low and very low birth weight neonates for 18 months in the health care centers of isfahan, iran. materials and methods: in a cross-sectional and retrospective study, 214 neon...