Fatty acid synthetase from goat mammary gland was subjected to limited proteolysis by trypsin and elastase. Both proteolytic enzymes selectively cleaved the chain-terminating thioester hydrolase component from the enzyme complex, leaving all other partial activities intact in the core peptides. Trypsin, but not elastase, caused extensive degradation of the released thioester hydrolase. The rele...

Due to the biological importance of long chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSL), ACSL has been studied extensively in the past quarter century. ACSL is a ubiquitous enzyme from bacteria to mammal, and its product, long chain fatty acyl-CoA, is well known to be utilized for the energy metabolism. Furthermore ACSL participates in the cellular uptake of the exogenous Correspondence/Reprint request...

Two open reading frames (nhpS and acsA) were identified immediately downstream of the previously described Pseudomonas chlororaphis B23 nitrile hydratase (NHase) gene cluster (encoding aldoxime dehydratase, amidase, the two NHase subunits, and an uncharacterized protein). The amino acid sequence deduced from acsA shows similarity to that of acyl-CoA synthetase (AcsA). The acsA gene product expr...

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis acid-induced operon MymA encodes the fatty acyl-CoA synthetase FadD13 and is essential for virulence and intracellular growth of the pathogen. Fatty acyl-CoA synthetases activate lipids before entering into the metabolic pathways and are also involved in transmembrane lipid transport. Unlike soluble fatty acyl-CoA synthetases, but like the mammalian integral-membr...

The biosynthesis of long chain aliphatic aldehydes for light emission in luminescent bacteria is catalyzed by a fatty acid reductase in a reaction dependent on ATP and NADPH. Evidence has now been obtained which demonstrates that this reaction consists of two distinct steps: 1) activation of fatty acid and 2) reduction of a fatty acyl intermediate to aldehyde. Fatty acid reductase catalyzed the...

We recently reported a new metabolic competency for Escherichia coli, the ability to degrade and utilize fatty acids of various chain lengths as sole carbon and energy sources. This beta-oxidation pathway is distinct from the previously described aerobic fatty acid degradation pathway and requires enzymes encoded by two operons, yfcYX and ydiQRSTD. The yfcYX operon (renamed fadIJ) encodes enzym...

1. An acyl-thioester hydrolase was isolated from the cytosol of lactating-rabbit mammary gland. The purified enzyme terminates fatty acid synthesis at medium-chain (C8:0-C12:0) acids when it is incubated with fatty acid synthetase and rate-limiting concentrations of malonyl-CoA. These acids are characteristic products of the lactating gland. 2. The mol.wt. of the enzyme is 29000+/-500 (mean+/-S...

in the 1980’s, medium-chain acyl-coa dehydrogenase deficiency (mcadd) was first described in the literature as three children who presented with coma, hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, and fatty liver while fasting. these symptoms while similar to reye’s syndrome, were found to be due to an inability to metabolize medium chain fatty acids during fasting periods. fatty acids are utilized by the body...

Abbreviations: acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC); acetyl-CoA synthetase (AceCS); carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-I); chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA); cholesterol 7 hydroxylase (CYP7A1); cholic acid (CA); farnesoid X receptor (FXR); fatty acid synthase (FAS); LDL receptor (LDL-R); INT-747, 6ethyl-CDCA; liver X receptor (LXR; long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD); malic enzyme (ME); medium-chain...