Synthetic biologists have developed DNA/molecular modules that perform genetic logic operations in living cells to track key moments in a cell's life or change the fate of a cell. Increasing evidence has also revealed that diverse genetic logic gates capable of generating a Boolean function play critically important roles in synthetic biology. Basic genetic logic gates have been designed to com...

A new side-contacted field effect diode (S-FED) structure has beenintroduced as a modified S-FED, which is composed of a diode and planar double gateMOSFET. In this paper, drain current of modified and conventional S-FEDs wereinvestigated in on-state and off-state. For the conventional S-FED, the potential barrierheight between the source and the channel is observed to b...

This paper describes the fabrication, characterization and modeling of fundamental logic gates that can be used for designing biosensors with embedded forward error-correction (FEC). The proposed logic gates (AND and OR) are constructed by patterning antibodies at different spatial locations along the substrate of a lateral flow immunosensor assay. The logic gates operate by converting binding ...

Universal quantum logic gates are important elements for a quantum computer. In contrast to previous constructions of qubit systems, we investigate the possibility of ququart systems (four-dimensional states) dependent on two DOFs of photon systems. We propose some useful one-parameter four-dimensional quantum transformations for the construction of universal ququart logic gates. The interface ...

Circuit model of computer provides a better abstraction of computational process across the world. The building block of a circuit is the logic gates which are the main information processing units. In electronics, a logic gate is an idealized or physical device implementing a Boolean function; that is, it performs a logical operation on one or more logical inputs, and produces a single logical...

Reversible logic gates are very much in demand for the future computing technologies as they are known to produce zero power dissipation under ideal conditions. This paper proposes an improved design of a multiplier using reversible logic gates. Multipliers are very essential for the construction of various computational units of a quantum computer. The quantum cost of a reversible logic circui...

This paper describes the architecture, design & implementation of 2 bit ternary ALU (T-ALU) slice. The proposed ALU is designed for two-bit operation & can be used for n bit operations by cascading n/2 ALU slices. This ALU is implemented using C-MOS ternary logic gates (T-Gates) for ternary arithmetic & logic circuits. Ternary gates are implemented using enhancement / depletion MOSFET technolog...

In this paper we discuss a model of quantum computer in which a state is an operator of density matrix and gates are general quantum operations, not necessarily unitary. A mixed state (operator of density matrix) of n two-level quantum systems is considered as an element of 4n-dimensional operator Hilbert space (Liouville space). It allows to use a quantum computer model with four-valued logic....

In this paper we generalize the usual model of quantum computer to a model in which the state is an operator of density matrix and the gates are general superoperators (quantum operations), not necessarily unitary. A mixed state (operator of density matrix) of n twolevel quantum system (open or closed n-qubit system) is considered as an element of 4dimensional operator Hilbert space (Liouville ...

This paper investigates the relationship between a single-electron gate probability of failure and the random variations affecting its elements. The study focuses on digital logic gates and circuits. Two major implementations are considered: static complementary logic gates and threshold logic gates (TLG). In addition to implementation, the effect of the gate fan-in on the reliability is invest...