In this paper, we introduce bid history and loan concepts to mitigate the shortcomings of the bidding strategy in traditional learning classifier systems (LCSs). In direct analogy with real auctions, all classifiers matching the current input compare the average bid history with their potential bid based on their current strength. The average bid history parameter gives general information abou...

PLEASE NOTE: The opinions expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent an IFOAM approved position. Acknowledgements This paper reflects the experience and wealth of expertise of many people in the organic and environmental movements. I would like to thank all those who have commented on the paper and the many authors whose work this paper draws from. In particular I would like to ...

The main purpose of this paper is providing a model to calculate the credit risk of Melli bank clients and implement it at Mellat Bank. Therefore, the present study uses a multi-layered neural network method. The statistical population of this research is all real and legal clients of Melli and Mellat banks. Sampling method used in this research is a simple random sampling method. Friedman test...

A day almost like any other … Mamadou Djiré is in charge of the Djicoroni Para outlet in Bamako, Mali. He is opening up the financial coop because several members will be arriving to withdraw funds from their current accounts or make deposits to cover loan payments. Mamadou takes out the cash drawer from the strongbox opens up his teller window and turns on the pocket computer with its AMIO Tel...

Introduction Residential mortgage loans are the major instrument of housing finance. A mortgage arrangement is equivalent to an exchange of a loan today for a stream of future payments. In general, a household or investor will borrow whenever the marginal cost of borrowing is less than the marginal utility or benefit derived from the asset. Mortgage loans are secured by the real property, and p...

The study examined the patterns and determinants of agricultural credit use among farming households in Oyo State, Nigeria. The primary data used for the study were obtained from a cross sectional survey of 114 farm households drawn by multi-stage random sampling technique. Both descriptive statistics and multiple regressions were used to analyze the data obtained. The study revealed that 47.4%...

Since the 1992 Amendments to the Higher Education Act (HEA92) increased the borrowing limits for education loans, college students have been financing their higher education with more education-loan debt than ever before. This study uses the policy changes surrounding the HEA92 to investigate why families have borrowed much more. Two possible explanations are considered: (1) students borrowed m...

Most of the population of Nigeria is rural and agriculture is the mainstay of the impoverished people’s livelihood. This paper estimated the determinants of rural poverty in Nigeria using the Tobit regression model. Through the multistage sampling technique, primary data were obtained from 150 rural farming households using a questionnaire. The Result of Tobit regression analysis shows that inc...

Since Quality of Service (QoS) support is a mandatory requirement in the next-generation networking, each router in a packet-switched network must provide a better service to higher-priority packets under any situation such as congestion. We propose in this paper the loan-grant based Round Robin (LGRR) packet scheduler for use in each output port of a router in a DiffServ network. LGRR is a fra...

The aim of this paper is to present a model based on Multilayer perceptron neural networks to recognize bad or good credit customers. Credit risk is one of the major problems in banking sector. Banks are faced with credit Risk while doing their tasks. Credit risk is the probability of non-repayment of bank loan granted to lenders. Decreasing Credit Risk, banks may perform better duties and resp...