Prof. José M. López-Novoa, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Avenida Campo Charro s/n, E-37007 Salamanca (Spain) Dear Sir, NO is synthesized from L-arginine [1] in a reaction catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and is oxidized to nitrite and nitrate in a constant ratio, at a constant pH [2]. Nitrite production has been used as an ind...

Heparin and nitric oxide (NO) attenuate changes to the pulmonary vasculature caused by prolonged hypoxia. Heparin may increase NO; therefore, we hypothesized that heparin may attenuate hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling via a NOmediated mechanism. In vivo, rats were exposed to normoxia (N) or hypoxia (H, 10% O2) with or without heparin (1200 U/kg/d) and/or the NO synthase (NOS) inhib...

Renal ischemic reperfusion Injury (I/R) is an important clinical problem that shows sex differences thus there was a specific role of sex steroids in renal injury. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of estrogen as an antiinflammatory and anti-oxidant agent in renal I/R injury. Five groups were included (n=10/group): Sham-operated, I/R of the kidney, I/R after bilateral ovarie...

The present investigation in Sprague-Dawley rats (SD) was designed to examine effects of astaxanthin (Asta) at different doses on elevated blood pressure (BP) and glucose-insulin perturbations produced by heavy sucrose ingestion. We also examined effects of Asta on BP during restraint stress. SD were divided into six groups each containing eight rats. All SD ate a basic diet of ground regular r...

The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the etiology of ulcerative colitis is controversial with reports of the improvement and aggravation of colonic lesions by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitors. In the present study, we compared the effect of the selective iNOS inhibitor aminoguanidine and the nonselective NOS inhibitor Nnitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-...

OBJECTIVE Since insulin stimulates nitric oxide (NO) production and an increase in NO following heat shock is required for myocardial heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) synthesis, we hypothesized that insulin would enhance myocardial Hsp70 synthesis by augmenting NO signaling. We examined whether a physiologic dose of insulin increased myocardial Hsp70 in unstressed and heat shock treated rats. ME...

introduction: nitric oxide (no), as a free radical, involves in several physiologic functions in gi tract such as nerve impulse transmission and vascular tonicity regulation. nitric oxide synthase (nos) is the enzyme for the production of no from l-arginine which in turn inhibits by l-ngnitroarginine methyl ester (l-name). in the current work, we aimed to evaluate morphometric analysis of duode...

BACKGROUND This in vitro study investigated the angiogenesis and osteogenesis effects of shockwaves on bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from hips with osteonecrosis. METHODS BMSCs were harvested from the bone marrow cavity of the proximal femur in six patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The specimens were divided into four groups, the control, shockwave, shockwave plus nω-nitro-...

Gray, David A., Shane K. Maloney, and Peter R. Kamerman. Lipopolysaccharide-induced fever in Pekin ducks is mediated by prostaglandins and nitric oxide and modulated by adrenocortical hormones. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 289: R1258–R1264, 2005. First published July 21, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00377.2005.—Information on avian fever is limited, and, in particular, very little is kno...

In cirrhosis, changes in pressure-mediated vascular tone, a key determinant of systemic vascular resistance (SVR), are unknown. To address this gap in knowledge, we assessed ex vivo dynamics of pressurized mesenteric resistance arteries (diameter ~ 260 μm) from bile duct-ligated (BDL) and sham-operated (SHAM) rats and determined the underlying mechanisms. At isobaric intraluminal pressure (70 m...