Theories that attempt to explain the origin of the cerrado biome are mostly based on the isolated action of three major factors: climate, fire and soil. Another factor that has been mentioned is that of human interference. We hypothesise that the evolutionary origin of this biome resulted from the complex interaction of climate, fire and soil, with climate being the triggering agent of this ass...

The actual mechanism controlling the extraction of sucrose from cane in diffusers is still in dispute. It is generally believed that displacement washing or lixiviation is the governing process. Cane diffusers have been adapted from the vegetable oil extraction industry via the beet industry. A considerable portion of Chemical Engineering solid-liquid extraction design theory has been developed...

Heritage masonry structures are often modelled as dry-jointed structures. On the one hand, it may correspond to reality where initial mortar was weak, missing, or has disappeared through time because of erosion and lixiviation. other this modelling approach reduces complexity studied problem, both from an experimental theoretical/numerical point views, while being conservative. Still, for purpo...

Biodiesel produced through catalytic transesterification of triglycerides from edible and non-edible oils alcohol is considered an alternative to traditional petro-diesel. The interest in the use alkaline earth metal oxides as heterogeneous basic catalysts has increased due their availability, non-toxicity, capacity be reused, low cost, high concentration surface sites that provide activity. Th...

Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) is increasingly used in the study and characterization of thin surface films as well organic inorganic coatings applied on metals for collection spatially- chemically-resolved information localized reactions related to material degradation processes. The movement a microelectrode (ME) close proximity interface under allows application various experimen...

Abstract. Groundwater catchment located in peri-urban areas may be impacted by many pollutants coming from different types of point or diffuse sources such as accidental spills, continuous hidden leaks drainage networks, old landfills, treated/untreated wastewater and watercourses. In the scope CASPER project, a new methodological approach has been developed based on field survey interpretation...

The African rainforest is considered a ‘palaeontological desert’, exemplified with the virtual absence of ape fossils from last 10 Ma. To overcome this deficiency fossil record, archaeo-palaeontological surveys have been undertaken in Equatorial Guinea. We inventoried 225 outcrops and eluvial materials formation ‘stone lines’ (of diverse genesis) predominate. Close to Atlantic estuaries, there ...

An easily recoverable photo-catalyst in solid form has been synthesized and applied catalytic ozonation the presence of primidone. Maghemite, graphene oxide titania (FeGOTi) constituted solid. Additionally, (TiO2) oxide–titania (GOTi) catalysts were also tested for comparative reasons. The main characteristics FeGOTi 144 m2/g surface area; a 1.29 Raman D G band intensity ratio; 26-emu g−1 magne...