BACKGROUND Lithium has been shown to relieve mania and induce antinociception. In the present study, swim stress at 8C induced antinociception in both phases of the formalin test. Intraperitoneal administration of lithium chloride (LiCl) (0.05, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/kg) also induced antinociception in both phases of the formalin test. METHODS Antinociception was assessed by the formalin test metho...

Ortholithiations of a range of arenes mediated by lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) in THF at -78 degrees C reveal substantial accelerations by as little as 0.5 mol % of LiCl (relative to LDA). Substrate dependencies suggest a specific range of reactivity within which the LiCl catalysis is optimal. Standard protocols with unpurified commercial samples of n-butyllithium to prepare LDA or commercial...

The effects of lithium, an inhibitor of the recycling of inositol in the phosphatidylinositol cycle, on rabbit blastocyst growth and metabolism of phosphoinositides were investigated. Day 2 rabbit morulae were first cultured for 2 days in basic culture medium and then transferred to medium containing myo-[2H]inositol for culture for a further 3 days. At the end of culture, the resulting blastoc...

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) regulates IGF availability for glucose homeostasis. The IGFBP-1 promoter shares common regulatory response elements with phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), the expression and activity of which is inhibited by lithium chloride, associated with an inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3 activity, in the rat hepatoma cell line ...

In this study, the ability of lithium nitrite and amino alcohol inhibitors to provide corrosion protection to reinforcing steel was investigated. Two types of specimens-reinforcing steel and a reinforced concrete prism that were exposed to chloride ion levels resembling the chloride attack environment-were prepared. An autoclave accelerated corrosion test was then conducted. The variables teste...

Other studies avoided the use of a zinc salt by generating lithium zincates either by iodine-metal exchange 7 or by deprotonation. 8 In 2002, Gauthier and co-workers documented an approach through lithium zincates using only one third equivalent of zinc chloride for the synthesis of 5-aryl-2-furaldehydes from 5-lithio-2-furaldehyde diethyl acetal. 9 In addition, Mutule and Suma described in 200...

One of the most important and serious disorders of gastrointestinal tract is acute pancreatitis which in severe form is associated with high mortality rate particularly in the presence of systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ failure. Apoptosis linked to oxidative stress has been shown in the pancreas of the patients with acute pancreatitis. Lithium, one of the most effective drugs ...

BACKGROUND Lithium has been the treatment of choice for bipolar disorder (BD) for many years. Although erectile dysfunction is a known adverse effect of this drug, the mechanism of action by which lithium affects erectile function is still unknown. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate the possible involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in modulatory effect of lithium on penile erection (PE). We fur...

Lithium salt is a widely used glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor and effective drug for the treatment of psychiatric diseases. However, the effects of lithium in innate immune responses, especially in cellular antiviral responses, are unknown. In this study, we show that lithium chloride attenuates LPS-, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-, and Sendai virus-induced IFN-β production and IFN regu...