In his poem “Playing Haydn for the Angel of Death,” Bill Holm plays a Haydn sonata in order to entice Death into a dance, an activity that erodes his appetite for ghoulish work: when the music ends, he will “nap a while and stay away.” Death’s visit is delayed, at least for the time being. “That’s the idea,” concludes Holm. “I got it from Haydn.” Holm’s poem is just one example of a phenomenon ...

introduction        gāthic texts are a collection of religious songs of zarothustra who lived about 1200 bc. of the seventy two hāts (stanzas) of yasna (one of the five chapters of avesta), seventeen hāts belong to five gāthas. these seventeen hāts have been classified into five categories based on their syllabic meter and the number of the song: 1) ahunavaiti, 2) ushtavaiti, 3)spanta.mainyu, ...

educational methods have always been one of the most important subjects for human societies. among iranian scientific and literary figures there are some, who have been closely involved with the process and the goal of educational ideas. thus, it is necessary that their ideas be taken into account by methodologists for educational and training systems. we will take a look at the opinions of far...

Mobius coined the term "pathography", and since then, many practising doctors have used their clinical knowledge in attempting more fully to understand historical figures. The results are sometimes one-sided and smig, but ifused sensitively, as by Sir George Pickering or Lord Brain, the medical biography can be an exceptionally interesting historical exercise. William Ober belongs with the firs...

urdu literature has provided an outstanding treasure by using all persian literary genres presented in both verse and prose. among all literary genres of poetry elegy is the kind which some of the scholars and critics of the subcontinent consider as an independent genre from arabic and persian literature. there is no doubt that mourning and lamenting for the dead has always been part of every n...

Recent feminist and gender-oriented scholarship about the Victorian sonnet has attributed a pioneering role to Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese in the nineteenth-century revival of the genre. Eminent literary critics such as Angela Leighton, Alison Chapman, and Dorothy Mermin agree that theSonnets, in Chapman’s words, ‘translate the amatory discourse of Petrarchanism int...

al-shab al-zarif, one of the most well-known poets of decadence age, is also a foremost borrower of religious texts in the field of worldly lyric. his lyrics are influence by quran, various religious texts, and notions of his sufi father, afif al-din telmesani. this study tries to examine the works of this prominent poet and analyze their intersexual relations to show his power in mixing religi...