The use of ®rst-principles molecular dynamics to calculate the viscosity of liquid metals using the Green±Kubo relations is described. The ®rst-principles techniques are based on density functional theory, the pseudopotential approximation, and plane-wave basis sets. The statistical-mechanical basis of the Green±Kubo relations is summarised, and extensive ®rst-principles molecular dynamics simu...

The thermodynamics and kinetics of the bulk metallic glass forming Mg65Cu25Y10 liquid were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and three-point beam bending. The experiments lead to the determination of the thermodynamic functions as well as the viscosity of the supercooled liquid. The viscosity shows a temperature dependence, which is consistent with that of a strong glass simi...

A theoretical investigation has been made of core-annular flow: the flow of a high-viscosity liquid core surrounded by a low-viscosity liquid annular layer through a horizontal pipe. Special attention is paid to the question of how the buoyancy force on the core, caused by a density difference between the core and the annular layer, is counterbalanced. From earlier studies it is known that at t...

When a shear ultrasonic wave is incident on a solid and liquid boundary, the proportion that is reflected depends on the liquid viscosity. This is the basis for some instruments for on-line measurement of bulk liquid viscosity. In machine elements, the lubricant is usually present in a thin layer between two rubbing solid surfaces. The thin film has a different response to an ultrasonic shear w...

Structural transitions in melts as well as their dynamics are considered. It is supposed that liquid represents the solution of relatively stable solidlike locally favored structures in the surrounding of disordered normal-liquid structures. Within the framework of this approach the step changes of liquid Co viscosity are considered as liquid-liquid transitions. It is supposed that this sort of...

An EMD model for nanocolloidal dispersions considering the interaction between atoms within solid particles is developed for viscosity calculation and studying the effect of the particle size and volume fraction. Strong oscillations are observed in the pressure tensor autocorrelation function. Elimination of this oscillation is achieved by adjusting the potential among atoms of nanoparticles to...