BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the viability of human pronuclear oocytes subjected to vitrification using cooling by direct submerging of open-pulled straws in liquid nitrogen versus vitrification by cooling of open-pulled straws located inside a closed 0.5 ml straw (aseptic system). METHODS Two- and three-pronuclei stage oocytes (n=114) were cryopreserved in super-open-pulle...

Cryonic suspension is a method of stabilizing the condition of someone who is terminally ill so that they can be transported to the medical care facilities that will be available in the late 21st or 22nd century. There is little dispute that the condition of a person stored at the temperature of liquid nitrogen is stable, but the process of freezing inflicts a level of damage which cannot be re...

An effect of rolling temperature on the mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of an Al-Mg-Si alloy was studied. The material was rolled up to a true strain of ∼0.7 at three different temperatures viz; room temperature, liquid propanol and liquid nitrogen. The liquid nitrogen rolled sample exhibited superior properties with a yield and tensile strength of 332 MPa and 364 MPa, respe...

Gary N.Clarke were contaminated during the cryostorage process, probably from the contaminated liquid nitrogen. Thus, there is no doubt Andrology Department, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Carlton, that a range of microbes, including hepatitis B, can survive Victoria 3053, Australia direct exposure to liquid nitrogen, and under certain conditions result in cross-infection. Given the strength of th...

Genomic DNA extraction with a high quantity and quality is a basic requirement in molecular biology. The DNA obtained was free of any contamination proteins, polysaccharide, polyphenols and colored pigments. These compounds would interfere with the genomic isolation procedures and downstream reactions such as restriction enzyme analysis and gene amplification. The isolated genomic DNA was fo...

The site of protonation in a molecule can greatly affect the fragments observed in product ion MS/MS spectra. In electrospray positive ionization mass spectra, protonation usually occurs predominantly on the most basic site on the molecule to produce the thermodynamically favored protonated species. However, the literature is unclear whether liquid phase or gas phase thermodynamics has the grea...