A lotus leaf retains water repellency after repeated condensation in nature but becomes sticky to water drops after condensation on a fixed cold plate. Our experiments show that mechanical vibration can be used to overcome the energy barrier for transition from the sticky Wenzel state to the nonsticking Cassie state, and the threshold for the dewetting transition follows a scaling law comparing...

The crop nutrition has a well-defined effect on yield and quality of forage crops. Among various essential macro nutrients, the nitrogen has a key function in improving forage yield and crude protein contents but demand of crop for nitrogen varies with the cultivars. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different nitrogen levels (0, 25, 50 kg ha) on forage yield and qual...

Our main goal of this article is to prove the second main theorem for entire curves into Hilbert modular surfaces. We show a condition such that entire curves in a Hilbert modular surface of general type are contained in the exceptional divisor of a Hilbert modular surface. We also show the second main theorem for compact leaves of holomorphic foliation on a smooth projective algebraic surface.

In barley leaves 13-lipoxygenases are induced by jasmonates. This leads to induction of lipid peroxidation. Here we show by in vitro studies that these processes may further lead to autoxidative formation of (2E)-4-hydroxy-2-hexenal from (3Z)-hexenal.

We report here the annotated genome sequence of Xanthomonas arboricola strain 3004, isolated from barley leaves with symptoms of streak and capable of infecting other plant species. We sequenced the genome of X. arboricola strain 3004 to improve the understanding of molecular mechanisms of the pathogenesis and evolution of the genus Xanthomonas.

Abstract In 1969, circa 1,000 fragments of the Qur’an were found in space between two ceiling covers Holy Shrine Imam Riḍā Mashhad, Iran. Some these among oldest Qur’ans produced Three volumes that cache are only remaining parts a fourteen-volume Qur’an, copied Ramaḍān 327/939, endowed to by Kishvād b. Amlās. The volume is vertical format and was on paper. Presently, it known dated manuscript p...