INTRODUCTION A patients with undiagnosed type II diabetes mellitus presented with infective rhinocerebral mucormycosis. INVESTIGATION RESULTS: Initial magnetic resonance imaging scans demonstrated an aggressive disease process involving the left orbit and paranasal sinuses. A repeated scan following treatment excluded intracranial spread or recurrence. Pus from the paranasal sinuses grew Rhizop...

BACKGROUND Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a significant problem in patients with chemotherapy-induced prolonged neutropenia. Because pulmonary deposition of conidia is the first step in developing IPA, we hypothesized that inhalation of liposomal amphotericin B would prevent IPA. METHODS We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of patients with hematologic disease with e...

Increasing number of transplants worldwide has resulted in an increase in the incidence of fungal infections. Prolonged neutropenia, immunosuppression and graft vs. host disease all result in high predisposition to fungal infections. The likelihood of developing a fungal infection increases with the severity and duration of neutropenia, which, in the case of cancer or chemotherapy for the treat...

INTRODUCTION Current treatment options for visceral leishmaniasis (pentavalent antimony, amphotericin B, liposomal amphotericin B and mitelfosine) achieve long-term clinical cure in the majority of immunocompetent patients. Disease relapse is usually provoked by T-cell number or function impairment (corticosteroid or cytotoxic therapy, transplant recipients, advanced human immunodeficiency viru...

BACKGROUND Candida guilliermondii has been recognized as an emerging pathogen showing a decreased susceptibility to fluconazole and considerably high echinocandin MICs. AIMS Evaluate the in vitro activity of anidulafungin in comparison to amphotericin B and fluconazole against different isolates of C. guilliermondii, and their efficacy in an immunosuppressed murine model of disseminated infec...

The efficacy of liposome-encapsulated amphotericin B in the prophylaxis of disseminated Candida albicans infections in neutropenic mice was studied. The administration of liposome-encapsulated amphotericin B was associated with protection against infection with C. albicans when used at doses of greater than or equal to 2 mg of amphotericin B per kg of body weight. Neither empty liposomes nor fr...

OBJECTIVE To compare available antifungal treatments for invasive candidiasis, a leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that compared different antifungal agents for the treatment of candidemia and other forms of invasive candidiasis. Two reviewers independently appraised the quality of tri...

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is an opportunistic infection amongst HIV-infected people in several endemic countries, and the clinical management of this co-infection poses several challenges. Here we describe a co-infected patient in India who failed to respond to miltefosine monotherapy and subsequently relapsed following two further (different) regimens of liposomal amphotericin B. He was then...

BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease that is invariably fatal if left untreated. The disease is found in 70 countries with incidence of 0.2 - 0.4 million cases. The mainstay of treatment in resource limited countries like Ethiopia is antimonials, while use of liposomal amphotericin B is reserved for treatment of complicated VL cases. The aim of this study was to assess ...