Spexin (SPX) is a neuropeptide identified recently by bioinformatic approach. At present not much is known about its biological actions, and comparative studies of SPX in nonmammalian species are still lacking. To examine the structure and function of SPX in fish model, SPX was cloned in goldfish and found to be highly comparable with its mammalian counterparts. As revealed by NMR spectroscopie...

We investigated relationships among branchial unidirectional Na(+) fluxes, ammonia excretion, urea excretion, plasma ammonia, plasma cortisol, and gill transporter expression and function in three freshwater fish differing in their sensitivity to high environmental ammonia (HEA). The highly ammonia-sensitive salmonid Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), the less ammonia-sensitive cyprinid Cypri...

BACKGROUND Nesfatin-1 is a recently discovered anorexigen encoded in the precursor peptide, nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) in mammals. To date, nesfatin-1 has not been described in any non-mammalian species, although some information is available in the sequenced genomes of several species. Our objective was to characterize nesfatin-1 in fish. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In the present study, we e...

Goldfish were trained to press a lever. This response was followed by the delivery of a pellet of food. The fish were then allowed continuous access to the lever under controlled conditions, and their food intake was measured. Goldfish distribute their feeding responses fairly evenly over time, within the limits of the lighting cycle. Some fish eat mainly at night, some during the day, and othe...

Leptin actions at the pituitary level have been extensively investigated in mammalian species, but remain insufficiently characterized in lower vertebrates, especially in teleost fish. Prolactin (PRL) is a pituitary hormone of central importance to osmoregulation in fish. Using goldfish as a model, we examined the global and brain-pituitary distribution of a leptin receptor (lepR) and examined ...

Four experiments were conducted on auditory sensitivity and discrimination of goldfish within the acoustic near field. Experiment I studied the effects of the near field on sound pressure thresholds. The sensitivity of goldfish in terms of sound pressure appeared to vary with distance from the sound source. Experiment II studied stimulus generalization and frequency discrimination within the ne...

one of the pollutant materials in aquatic ecosystems is detergents that are inappropriate due to the increasing population in the world and in different ways to produce large amounts of groundwater and open surface water resources. these entry detergents to aquatic ecosystems can have adverse effects on aquatic life. so in current study acute toxicity of bleach on fry species of bighead carp an...

Chamberland V, Rioux P. Not only students can express alcohol dehydrogenase: goldfish can too! Adv Physiol Educ 34: 222–227, 2010; doi:10.1152/advan.00088.2009.—This article describes a novel approach to study the metabolic regulation of the respiratory system in vertebrates that suits physiology lessons for undergraduate students. It consists of an experimental demonstration of the goldfish’s ...

A potential role for prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) in appetite regulation and hydromineral balance in goldfish was examined. PrRP was found to be expressed in discrete regions of the goldfish brain, in particular, the hypothalamus. Intraperitoneal (IP) or intracerebroventricular administration of PrRP had dose-dependent effects to suppress food intake in goldfish. Hypothalamic PrRP mRNA ex...

Adaptive responses of the livers of goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to five concentrations of 3,3’-dimethyl-benzidine (DMBz) (0.9-9.0 mg/L) for 3, 7 or 14days (d) relative to unexposed goldfish were investigated. A suite of antioxidant parameters including glutathione (GSH) concentration and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathi...