In this paper we present an application of AGTK to a corpus of spoken Italian annotated at many different linguistic levels. The work consists of two parts: a) the presentation of AG-SpIt, a toolkit devoted to corpus data management that we developed according to AGTK proposals; b) the presentation of corpus’ structure together with some examples and results of cross-level linguistic analyses o...

We describe our experience in developing a discourse-annotated corpus for community-wide use. Working in the framework of Rhetorical Structure Theory, we were able to create a large annotated resource with very high consistency, using a well-defined methodology and protocol. This resource is made publicly available through the Linguistic Data Consortium to enable researchers to develop empirica...

This section considers the actual performance in poverty reduction of selected LDCs for which information is available in order to get an idea of which circumstances promote success and which do not. The analysis has to be carried out in a situation of extreme data constraint, especially for the SSA which has the largest concentration of LDCs. In view of the very different nature and extent of ...

In this paper, we define the concept of uncertain multiplicative linguistic preference relation, and introduce some operational laws of uncertain multiplicative linguistic variables. We propose some new aggregation operators including the uncertain linguistic geometric mean (ULGM) operator, uncertain linguistic weighted geometric mean (ULWGM) operator, uncertain linguistic ordered weighted geom...

Lexical representation so far has not been extensively investigated in regard to language acquisition. Existing computational linguistic systems assume that text analysis and generation take place in conditions of complete lexical knowledge. That is, no unknown elements are encountered in processing text. It turns out however, that productive as well as non-productive word combinations require ...

Most information retrieval systems based on linguistic approaches use symmetrically and uniformly distributed linguistic term sets to express the weights of queries and the relevance degrees of documents. However, to improve the system-user interaction it seems more adequate to express these linguistic weights and degrees by means of unbalanced linguistic scales, i.e., linguistic term sets with...

Assuming a linguistic framework, a model for the consensus reaching problem in heterogeneous group decision making is proposed. This model contains two types of linguistic consensus measures: linguistic consensus degrees and linguistic proximities to guide the consensus reaching process. These measures evaluate the current consensus state in three levels of action: level of the pairs of alterna...

Recently tasks, as the basic units of syllabi, and the cognitive complexity, as the criterion for sequencing them, have caught many second language researchers’ attention. This study sought to explore the effect of utilizing the cognitively simple and complex tasks on high- and low-proficient EFL Iranian writers’ linguistic performance, i.e., fluency, accuracy, lexical complexity, and structura...