During development, axons of the chorda tympani nerve navigate to fungiform papillae where they penetrate the lingual epithelium, forming a neural bud. It is not known whether or not all chorda tympani axons initially innervate fungiform papillae correctly or if mistakes are made. Using a novel approach, we quantified the accuracy with which gustatory fibers successfully innervate fungiform pap...

Previous research using electropalatography (EPG) has shown that a distinctive articulatory characteristic of lingual consonants in the speech of school-age children with articulation/phonological disorders (APD) is a high amount of tongue-palate contact. Consonants produced in this way have been referred to as undifferentiated lingual gestures. This article reviews the EPG literature on undiff...

Disease agents that principally target the tongue are relatively rare. It seems that type of food and roughage play an important role to predispose the animals to lingual ulcers. During a period of four years different aspects of cattle lingual fossa ulcer were studied in a semi-industrial dairy farm in Tehran. The affected animals showed various stages of ulcer formation in their lingual fossa...

lingual thyroid (lt) is a rare developmental thyroid anomaly usually affecting. although the exact pathogenesis of this ectopic, accessory thyroid tissue is not known, it generally originates from epithelial tissue of non-obliterated thyroglossal ductus. in this report, a case of lingual thyroid in a 45- year old male patient with difficulty in breathing and swallowing complaints for five years...

Lingual orthodontics has been gaining space around the world due to its particularity to offer a discreet treatment option, “invisible”, in “secret” for the correction of malocclusion, combining biomechanical efficiency and enhancement of the smile during treatment. As the brackets are on the lingual surface, the point of force application is closer to the center of resistance, maximizing the p...

BACKGROUND To assess the clinical feasibility of lingual bone guttering technique for surgical extraction of mandibular third molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS 20 patients with thick lingual cortical plate were included in the study. Surgical extraction of mandibular third molars by lingual bone guttering technique was performed in all the subjects. These subjects were evaluated for integrity of ...

BACKGROUND: The tongue, which plays a very important role in food intake by vertebrates, exhibits significant morphological variations that appear to represent adaptation to the current environmental conditions of each respective habitat. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present investigation was to investigate lingual structure in adult budgerigar. METHODS: Tongues of 12 adult budgerigars were used ...