BACKGROUND Racial disparities in birth outcomes persist in North Carolina and the United States. We examined patterns of birth outcomes and womens health measures in North Carolina by race and age to portray the largest disparities. We wanted to see if our data were consistent with the "weathering hypothesis," which holds that the health of African American women may begin to deteriorate in ear...

This article presents the results of a scoping review of the sport literature (2000-2014) on psychological and social outcomes relevant to youth alcohol and illicit drug use. Prior reviews report that sport is related to increased alcohol use and reduced illicit drug use among youth, yet provide little guidance regarding the mechanisms that can explain this relationship. We reviewed the literat...

Digital games can be used not only for fun and entertainment. The term ‘serious games’ denotes digital games serving serious purposes like education, training, advertising, research, and health. In the contribution the chances and challenges of serious games for computer science in sport will be discussed. Serious games, particularly adventure and shooter games, already play an important role i...

After a brief introduction on electrostimulation methodology and applications in competititve sport for performance optimization, this technical report presents the principal effects of electrostimulation-induced resistance exercise on neuromuscular features. The advantages and limitations of this technique compared with those of voluntary exercise training are also discussed.

This contribution introduces a new approach of using multi-camera images of an event to provide a free-viewpoint video visualisation of sport scenes. This allows a virtual camera to be moved freely around and to view the action from any angle. The system is based on 3D reconstruction techniques previously developed for studio use. A number of different 3D representations, including billboards, ...

While the CPI may have overstated inflation in the mid-1990s by about one percent per year, as concluded by the Boskin Commission, it does not make sense to extrapolate that rate of bias backwards over long periods of time. The "Hulten-Bruegel paradox" shows that any such exercise in backward extrapolation yields levels of real consumption two or four centuries ago that are implausibly low, bar...

Goldin argues that the most significant change in labor markets over the past century was the increased participation of women in the labor market. Figure 1 summarizes historical trends in mens' and womens' labor force participation.