The advent of computer-assisted knee replacement surgery has focused interest on the alignment of the components. However, there is confusion at times between the alignment of the limb as a whole and that of the components. The interaction between them is discussed in this article. Alignment is expressed relative to some reference axis or plane and measurements will vary depending on what is se...

Background Foot posture has been suggested to be related to the development of lower-limb musculoskeletal conditions because of its potential influence on the mechanical alignment and dynamic function of the lower limb. During most weight bearing activities, the posture and motion of the foot and knee are coupled within a closed kinematic chain. The exact relationship, however, between them in ...

Many factors influence successful outcomes following transfemoral amputation. One factor is surgical technique. In this study, the influence of limb alignment and surgical technique on a muscle's capacity to generate force was examined using musculoskeletal modeling. Non-amputee and transfemoral amputee models were analyzed while hip adduction, femur length, and reattached muscle wrap position,...

Lower limb dynamic alignment represents the limb position during functional loading conditions and obtains valuable information throughout the gait cycle rather than a single instant in time. This study aims to determine whether dynamic alignment is altered in medial knee osteoarthritis (OA) and how dynamic alignment is related to knee adduction moment (KAM). Community-dwelling women (n=17) wit...

Complex tibial deformities imply simultaneous correction of varus deformity and internal rotation of the tibia, axis realignment, restoration of joint surface congruity and treatment and prevention of limb length discrepancy. Four patients were treated in our department using the single-cut osteotomy described by Paley. Osteosynthesis was achieved by an external fixator in two cases, K-wires in...

Background It is unclear whether computer navigation can improve the accuracy and reliability of targeted lower limb alignment correction following open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO). This meta-analysis was designed to compare the accuracy and reliability of limb alignment correction between computer navigated and conventional open-wedge HTOs. Methods Studies that compared postoperative c...

The prosthetic sockets of 14 independent persons with unilateral trans-tibial (BK) amputation were mounted on an adjustable alignment pylon. Vertical ground reaction forces were recorded in neutral prosthetic alignment and in 10 degrees of prosthetic socket varus, valgus, flexion, and extension. Stance phase time, peak vertical ground reaction force, and impulse were all found to be increased o...

Hip-to-ankle radiographs have been used to evaluate lower limb alignment before and after total knee arthroplasty. However, earlier studies have inappropriately used correlation to assess the reproducibility of the radiographs. We determined the reliability of the hip-to-ankle radiograph using the Bland-Altman analysis. Two consecutive hip-to-ankle radiographs were obtained in 52 patients (52 k...