Review and classification of electric load forecasting (LF) techniques based on artificial neuralnetworks (ANN) is presented. A basic ANNs architectures used in LF reviewed. A wide range of ANNoriented applications for forecasting are given in the literature. These are classified into five groups:(1) ANNs in short-term LF, (2) ANNs in mid-term LF, (3) ANNs in long-term LF, (4) Hybrid ANNs inLF,...

Lactoferrin (LF) is a multifunctional glycoprotein in mammalian milk. In a previous report, we showed that enteric-coated bovine LF tablets can decrease visceral fat accumulation, hypothesising that the enteric coating is critical to the functional peptides reaching the visceral fat tissue and exerting their anti-adipogenic activity. The aim of the present study was to assess whether ingested L...

Lactoferrin (Lf) was discovered in 1939 as “red protein from milk whey”. Bovine lactoferrin (bLf) gene is located on Bos taurus autosome, long arm of chromosome no.22 (BTA 22q24) in cattle. Its size varies from 23-35kbp among different species. The lactoferrin gene consists of 17 exons and 16 introns ranging from 82bp (exon-1) to 225bp (exon-17). The presence of multiple regulatory elements wit...

The ability of genetic vaccination to protect against a lethal challenge of anthrax toxin was evaluated. BALB/c mice were immunized via gene gun inoculation with eucaryotic expression vector plasmids encoding either a fragment of the protective antigen (PA) or a fragment of lethal factor (LF). Plasmid pCLF4 contains the N-terminal region (amino acids [aa] 10 to 254) of Bacillus anthracis LF clo...

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Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to establish a novel rat model for ligamentum flavum (LF) hypertrophy using increased motion lumbar and elucidate the etiology (LFH). Methods A total number 30 male rats were used. induced by surgical resection L5/6 posterior elements ( n = 15). other underwent sham operation (n After 8 weeks, all taken lateral plain X-rays. LF from in both grou...

The transcriptional regulation of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lactoferrin (LF) was examined during terminal myeloid differentiation of the murine cell line 32D C13. The rates of transcription initiation for MPO and LF, determined by an in vitro nuclear run-on assay, increased approximately ninefold. The accumulation of MPO mRNA in 32D C13 cells, determined by Northern blot analysis, correlated te...

The experiment was conducted to understand ruminal effects of diet modification during moderate milk fat depression (MFD) and 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid (HMTBa) isoacids on alleviating MFD. Five ruminally cannulated cows were used in a 5 × Latin square design with the following dietary treatments (dry matter basis): high-forage low-starch control 1.5% safflower oil (HF-C); low-forag...

Lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding multi-functional glycoprotein which has numerous physiological functions such as iron transportation, anti-microbial activity and immune response. In this study, different in silico approaches were exploited to investigate Lf protein properties in a number of mammalian species. Results showed that the iron-binding site, DNA and RNA-binding sites, signal pepti...