A new approach for the automatic equivalence checking of behavioral or structural descriptions of designs with complex control is presented. The veriication tool combines symbolic simulation with a hierarchy of equivalence checking methods, including decision-diagram based techniques, with increasing accuracy in order to optimize overall veriication time without giving false negatives. The equi...

Even with the help of present schema design tools (e.g. graphical editors, EER model techniques, etc) the task of constructing any non-trival object oriented database schema (OODB) is immense. This paper describes a system, TYPSYS, which automatically produces a type hierarchy from information about the leaf object types (types at leaf level of the hierarchy) which are visible from the database...

A number of techniques have been developed to turn data into useful knowledge. Most of the algorithms in data mining find association rules among transactions using binary values and at single concept level. However it will be more exciting to discover hierarchical association rules for decision makers. In this work we have integrated association rule mining with fuzzy set theory and hierarchy....

The design of hierarchies of libraries helps to obtain modular and efficient sets of routines to solve problems of specific fields. An example is ScaLAPACK’s hierarchy in the field of parallel linear algebra. To facilitate the efficient execution of these routines, the inclusion of self-optimization techniques in the hierarchy has been analysed. The routines at a level of the hierarchy use info...

We propose a novel general technique aimed at pruning and cleansing the Wikipedia category hierarchy, with a tunable level of aggregation. Our approach is endogenous, since it does not use any information coming from Wikipedia articles, but it is based solely on the user-generated (noisy) Wikipedia category folksonomy itself. We show how the proposed techniques can help reduce the level of nois...

The present study examined the impact of visualization and graphic organizers as pre-listening strategies on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement and their listening comprehension. To do so, this study was carried out in three listening classes at Islamic Azad University of Mashhad. The participants included 80 junior EFL university stude...

Inspired by the success of model checking in hardware and protocol verification, model checking techniques for software have been the focus of a lot of research in the last few years [5,3,2,6]. Model checking can be applied only to relatively small models due to its inherently high computational requirements, and there are two complementary trends to address scalability. The model extraction ap...

The origin and structural and functional significance of modular design in organisms represent an important issue debated in many different disciplines. To be eventually successful in clarifying the evolutionary mechanisms underpinning the emergence of modular design in complex organisms, one should be able to cover all different levels of biological hierarchy. Specifically, one should be able ...