A production leak test system using digital holography, Optical Leak Testing (OLT), has been developed for simultaneous gross and fine leak testing of hermetic semiconductor, MEMS and Optoelectronic devices. The technique has also shown the unique capability to leak test ceramic SMC’s on PCBs, even if conformal coated. Many devices are manufactured using welded, brazed or soldered metal lids wi...

Air leaks are a common complication of pulmonary resection. The aims of this study were to analyze risk factors for postoperative air leak and to evaluate the role of air leak measurement in identifying patients at increased risk for cardiorespiratory morbidity and prolonged air leak. From March to December 2009, 142 consecutive patients underwent pulmonary resection for malignancy and were pro...

BACKGROUND Patients treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nasal CPAP) for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) often have adverse effects from and poor adherence to CPAP. OBJECTIVE To describe abnormal CPAP leak profiles and assess inter-observer reliability in identifying leak profiles and the correlation of leak profiles with leak rate and clinical outcomes. METHODS In a sleep-...

introduction: endoscopic repair is considered the treatment of choice in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) rhinorrhea. the aim of our study was to analyze the etiopathogenesis of csf rhinorrhea, the outcome of treatment and the causes of failure in a developing-country setting.   materials and methods: a retrospective review of patients treated with endoscopic repair for csf rhinorrhea at a tertiary ca...

a majority of people, asked a simple yes/no question, were indeed opposed to the creation of animalhuman hybrids. However (in line with similar surveys on animal experimentation) support for the procedure rose to 61 per cent when the potential benefits of the work were explained. Announcing the eventual decision in September, the HFEA emphasised the importance of this public support – which res...

BACKGROUND During noninvasive ventilation (NIV), leak around the mask may cause inadequate ventilatory support or patient-ventilator asynchrony such as auto-triggering. Some NIV ventilators may be better than others at compensating for leak. METHODS We bench studied 3 NIV ventilators (Vision, Carina, and Trilogy100) and 2 ICU ventilators (Puritan Bennett 840 and Evita XL) to assess how they ...

BACKGROUND Prosthetic valve leak is a possible complication of surgical valve replacement. Although uncommon, its consequences may be serious. Few studies correlate the degree of prosthetic valve leak with clinical events. OBJECTIVE To compare the postoperative outcome of patients with mild/moderate (Mi/Mo) or severe (Sev) prosthetic valve leak METHODS A total of 185 patients with prostheti...

 Background: Proposing a strategy for sellar reconstruction in endoscopic transsphenoidal transsellar approach for pituitary adenoma. Methods: 240 patients with pituitary adenoma underwent pure endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery. Intra-operative CSF leaks were classified as grade 0, no observable leak grade 1, CSF dripping through an arachnoid membrane defect of less than 1 ...

The efficient use of water resources is a subject of major concern for water utilities and authorities. One of the main challenges in improving the efficiency of drinking water networks is to minimize water loss in pipes due to leakage. Water leaks in water distribution networks are unavoidable. They can cause significant economic losses in fluid transportation and an increase on reparation cos...

Background: CSF leak during or after transsphenoidal surgery is the most common annoying complication that may lead to fatal meningitis. Objective: To define the effectiveness of the external CSF lumbar drain to stop the leak either inserted preoperative, immediate postoperative or delayed postoperative with the same figure of packing to the sella turcica and sphenoid sinus. Methods: We retrosp...