Different methods to quantify soil porewater concentrations of contaminants will provide different types of information. Passive sampling measurements give freely dissolved porewater concentrations (Cpw,free), while leaching tests provide information on the mobile concentration (Cpw,leach), including contaminants associated with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particles/colloids in the porew...

Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of tiny sensor nodes with sensing, computation and wireless communication capabilities. Now a day, it is finding wide applicability and increasing deployment, as it enables reliable monitoring and analysis of environment. Recent advances in wireless sensor networks have led to many new protocols specifically designed for sensor networks where energy awaren...

LEACH protocol is considered the best in the WSN protocols in extending the network lifetime and reduces energy loss, but LEACH suffers from the problem of the correct distribution of the nodes correlation with CHs. In this paper, we propose an improved protocol called LEACH-Z(LEACH zones), this protocol improves the distribution of clusters by making the clusters near the base station(BS) larg...

In this study, a hydrometallurgical treatment involving the solvent extraction and recovery of some heavy metals from a sulphuric acid leach solution of galvanic sludge, using di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and bis-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-phosphinic acid (Cyanex 272), both diluted in kerosene, has been investigated. The preliminary tests revealed the necessity to remove other metal ...

Leaching of Arsenic from high Arsenic loaded iron oxide impregnated brick sands (IOI CBCM) was investigated using common household chemicals like common salt and soda ash, the industrial chemicals caustic soda and the phosphates used as fertilizers such as potassium hydrogen phosphate and TSP. Leaching by ordinary ground water was also investigated on the arsenic saturated iron oxide impregnate...

Wireless sensor network comprises of small sensor nodes with limited resources. Clustered networks have been proposed in many researches to reduce the power consumption in sensor networks. LEACH is one of the most interested techniques that offer an efficient way to minimize the power consumption in sensor networks. However, due to the characteristics of restricted resources and operation in a ...

-----------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-------------------------------------------------------------Sensor nodes can be used for continuous sensing, location sensing and event detection with the help of different types of sensors such as seismic, thermal, visual, infrared, magnetic, and many gaseous sensors. Sensor networks have wide range of applications...

Wireless sensor network (WSN) requires robust and energy efficient communication protocols to minimise the energy consumption as much as possible. However, the lifetime of sensor network reduces due to the adverse impacts caused by channel fading and interference in WSN. A cluster based cooperative multi input multi output (MIMO) routing scheme is proposed as a solution for this problem. Two MI...

Aeration improves the capacity of leachfields to decontaminate and reduce the nutrient load of wastewater. To gain a better understanding of the effects of aeration, we examined the faunal and microbial communities of septic system leachfield soil (0–4 and 4–13 cm) using replicated (n 5 3) mesocosms that were actively aerated (AIR) or unaerated (LEACH). Protozoa were 40 to 140 times more abunda...

the effect on sugar beets of water and nitrogen movement in the soil under different water conditions was assessed over two years (2000-1) at the khorasan agricultural research center. three water treatments (no water stress, continuous stress and primary stress) and three n amounts (80, 160 and 240 kg n/ha) were investigated. the amount of moisture depletion in the water treatments was 50%, 80...