To accommodate heterogeneous transmission conditions in a streaming scenario several multi-rate multicast solutions have been proposed, based on simulcasting or hierarchical layering. At present, most of these schemes follow a receiver-driven layered multicast approach, where the receivers join or leave a subset of the session’s fixed-rate layers in response to changing network conditions. Yet,...

This article provides a theoretical junction between two different mathematical models dedicated to the reflectance and the transmittance of diffusing layers. The KubelkaMunk model proposes a continuous description of scattering and absorption for two opposite diffuse fluxes in a homogenous layer (continuous 2-flux model). On the other hand, Kubelka’s layering model describes the multiple refle...

This paper provides a theoretical connection between two different mathematical models dedicated to the reflectance and the transmittance of diffusing layers. The Kubelka–Munk model proposes a continuous description of scattering and absorption for two opposite diffuse fluxes in a homogeneous layer (continuous two-flux model). On the other hand, Kubelka’s layering model describes the multiple r...

Lithospheric extension can generate passive margins that bound oceans worldwide. Detailed geological and geophysical studies in present and fossil passive margins have highlighted the complexity of their architecture and their multi-stage deformation history. Previous modeling studies have shown the significant impact of coarse mechanical layering of the lithosphere (2 to 4 layer crust and mant...

Nested state diagrams are a commonly accepted design notation for modelling complex software systems at different levels of detail. Besides nesting, other layering mechanisms are needed. However, incremental development of layered state diagrams raises the problem of change management. Changes made at high abstraction layers can have a serious impact on more concrete layers, as conflicts can be...

Graphene plasmonic structures with long-range layering periodicity are presented. Resonance energy scaling with the number of graphene layers involved in plasmonic excitation allows these structures to support multiple plasmonic modes that couple and hybridize due to their physical proximity. Hybridized states exhibit bandwidth enhancements of 100-200% compared to unhybridized modes, and resona...

Wetting phenomena plays an interesting role in the technological development of materials. Recently, much attention has been directed to the study of magnetic solid films. To understand, theoretically, the effect of surface on wetting and layering transitions in these systems, we will give in this chapter a presentation of several relevant recent theoretical works realized on wetting and layeri...