This paper presents a new feature for speaker identification called perceptual log area ratio (PLAR). PLAR is closely related to the log area ratio (LAR) feature. PLAR is derived from the perceptual linear prediction (PLP) rather than the linear predictive coding (LPC). The PLAR feature derived from PLP is more robust to noise than the LAR feature. In this paper, PLAR, LAR and MFCC features wer...

BACKGROUND The protein tyrosine phosphatase family comprises transmembrane receptor-like and cytosolic forms. Although the exact biological functions of these enzymes are largely unknown, they are believed to counter-balance the effects of protein tyrosine kinases. We have previously identified and characterized a mammalian transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, called LAR (leukocyte commo...

The identities of ligands interacting with protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) receptors to regulate neurite outgrowth remain mainly unknown. Analysis of cDNA and genomic clones encoding the rat leukocyte common antigen-related (LAR) PTP receptor predicted a small, approximately 11 kDa ectodomain isoform, designated LARFN5C, containing a novel N terminal followed by a C-terminal segment of the L...

BACKGROUND Receptor tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) are essential for axon guidance and synaptogenesis in Drosophila. Each guidance decision made by embryonic motor axons during outgrowth to their muscle targets requires a specific subset of the five neural RPTPs. The logic underlying these requirements, however, is still unclear, partially because the ligands recognized by RPTPs at growth cone c...

Antimalarial chloroquine (CQ) prevents haematin detoxication when CQ-base concentrates in the acidic digestive vacuole through protonation of its p-aminopyridine (pAP) basic aromatic nitrogen and sidechain diethyl-N. CQ export through the variant vacuolar membrane export channel, PFCRT, causes CQ-resistance in Plasmodium falciparum but 3-methyl CQ (sontochin SC), des-ethyl amodiaquine (DAQ) and...

The evolutions of practices of seismic slope stability analysis of earth embankment/dam are discussed in this paper. The basic concepts of various methods, salient features, advantages and limitations of each of them are elucidate. Methods for both stability analysis and deformation calculation are presented. Methods for calculation of deformation of post liquefaction stage are also briefed.

The multiprotein complexes that receive and transmit axon pathfinding cues during development are essential to circuit generation. Here, we identify and characterize the Drosophila sterile α-motif (SAM) domain-containing protein Caskin, which shares homology with vertebrate Caskin, a CASK [calcium/calmodulin-(CaM)-activated serine-threonine kinase]-interacting protein. Drosophila caskin (ckn) i...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis, a hallmark of advanced atherosclerotic lesions. Transient oxidation and inactivation of protein-tyrosine phosphatases play a critical role in cellular response to ROS production. However, the function of leukocyte antigen-related (LAR) protein-tyrosine phosphatase in ROS signaling is not known. T...

INTRODUCTION The incidence of colorectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is increasing, and patients with this disease have particularly poor prognoses. Treatment options are limited, and survival times have not improved in the past decade. METHODS A post hoc analysis of the efficacy and tolerability of everolimus plus octreotide long-acting repeatable (LAR) was conducted in patients with colore...