The Landauer formula for dissipationless conductance lies at the heart of modern electronic transport, yet it remains without a clear microscopic basis. We analyze the Landauer formula microscopically, and give a straightforward quantum kinetic derivation for open systems. Some important experimental implications follow. These lie beyond the Landauer result as popularly received. In 1957 Rolf L...

A structural analogue of nicotinic acid, 3-acetylpyridine, has been shown to produce morphological and physiological abnormalities in a variety of organisms. The effect of 3-acetylpyridine (AP) on chick embryos has been studied by several investigators using the technique of yolk-sac injection (Ackermann & Taylor, 1948; Zwilling & DeBell, 1950; Landauer, 1957; Herrmann, Clark & Landauer, 1963)....

The positive integers constitute the most well-studied number class. An important finding is the symbolic distance effect (SDE): the greater the distance between two positive integers, the faster they are compared (Moyer & Landauer, 1967). The SDE is important because it indicates that numerical symbols are understood in part as magnitudes, i.e., using a mental number line. The current study in...

The second law of thermodynamics is probabilistic in nature. Its formulation requires that the state a system be described by probability distribution. A natural question, thereby, arises as to whether prior knowledge about affects law. This question has now been nurtured for over century, and it was incepted C Maxwell through his famous thought experiment wherein comes idea Maxwell’s demon. ne...

We develop a Born-Oppenheimer-type formalism for the description of quantum thermal transport across hybrid nanoscale objects. Our formalism is suitable for treating heat transfer in the off-resonant regime, where, e.g., the relevant vibrational modes of the interlocated molecule are high relative to typical bath frequencies, and at low temperatures when tunneling effects dominate. A general ex...