This section closely follows Jones (1975), but deviates from that paper’s result by allowing the amount of labor available to the regional economy to vary. Consider a particular region, r, suppressing that subscript on all terms. Industries are indexed by i = 1...N . L is the total amount of labor and Ti is the amount of industry i-specific factor available in the region. aLi and aT i are the r...

The paper considers two problems related to Marx’s theory of money: first, the definition and measurement of the quantity of social labor time represented by a unit of money; second, the application of Marx’s commodity-money theory to contemporary monetary institutions based on state-credit money. In theory social labor time and the price expression of exchange value emerge simultaneously, so t...

This paper examines the determinants of export performance of firms in the Greek manufacturing industry, using cross-sectional data from 1652 firms in 1999 and a Tobit regression model. The study finds that firms that have larger size, lower unit labor cost and low capital to labor ratio have a higher propensity to export, confirming the fact that in Greece, which has the second lowest capital ...

Cardiac arrest on the labor unit is a rare event, but it can have significant effects on a woman and her fetus, as well as on the clinicians providing health care. Our labor team was challenged to provide care for a woman with a rare cardiac condition that can cause a wide range of events, from fainting to cardiac arrest. This article describes our use of simulation-based learning to prepare fo...

An important task in the growth and development literature has been to characterize the nature of cross-country labor efficiency differences. In this paper, I develop a new method to estimate the relative efficiency of skilled and unskilled labor across countries using disaggregated industry and trade data. The method assigns a country a high efficiency of skilled labor if it has low relative u...

abstract background: prolonged labor can lead to maternal and neonatal complications. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oral propranolol plus oxytocin versus oxytocin only on the process and outcome of labor. materials and methods: in a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial performed in ilam mustafa hospital, a total of 146 nulliparous pregnant women at gestational...

production is hard to achieve by increasing cropping area due to limited water resources. so, increased yield per unit area may be the solution to increase production. investigating productivity of production factors is very important in this context. the objective of this study is to measure the productivity of production factors in sugar beet production in fars province. the data needed for t...